Kleber H D
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
J Psychiatr Res. 1990;24 Suppl 2:57-64. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(90)90036-p.
Physicians who prescribe benzodiazepines often are asked by their patients if these drugs might be addicting or have potential for abuse. Clarifying these concepts is difficult because of numerous "gray areas" of drug use and confusion over medical criteria for such terms as "addiction", "dependence", and "tolerance". Many of the efforts to clarify the terminology regarding substance habituation, abuse, and addiction have resulted in additional confusion. They have resulted in overlapping definitions of abuse and dependence, the injection of moral judgments into scientific terms, and difficulty separating the diagnoses of the physical dependence (caused by prolonged use of a wide variety of drugs, many of which are never abused) from that of physical dependence secondary to an abusive pattern of use. This article will trace the history of the various definitions currently in use, and will suggest newer terminology to replace misleading or erroneous terms.
开苯二氮䓬类药物的医生经常会被患者问到这些药物是否会上瘾或有滥用的可能性。由于药物使用存在众多“灰色地带”，以及对于“成瘾”“依赖”和“耐受性”等术语的医学标准存在混淆，要澄清这些概念很困难。许多澄清关于物质习惯化、滥用和成瘾术语的努力反而导致了更多的混乱。这些努力导致了滥用和依赖的定义重叠，将道德判断引入科学术语，以及难以区分由长期使用多种药物（其中许多药物从未被滥用）引起的身体依赖与继发于滥用使用模式的身体依赖的诊断。本文将追溯当前使用的各种定义的历史，并建议使用更新的术语来取代误导性或错误的术语。
