School of Nursing, Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2009 Sep;25(9):479-85. doi: 10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70554-6.
Racism, ethnocentrism, segregation, stereotyping, and classism are tightly linked to health equity and social determinants of health. They lead to lack of power, money, resources, and education which may result in poor health care access and outcomes. Health profession faculties must address the complex relationships that exist between individual, interpersonal, institutional, social and political factors that influence health outcomes in both clinical and research training. Thus, the purposes of this paper are to provide examples of training strategies from nursing education that foster cultural sensitivity. First, assumptions about health equity, culture, ethnicity and race are explored. Second, clinical training within an undergraduate and graduate context are explored, including an undergraduate cancer case study and in a graduate pediatric nursing program are described to demonstrate how cultural models can be used to integrate the biomedical and psychosocial content in a course. Third, research training for summer scholars and doctoral and post doctoral fellows (short and long term) is described to demonstrate how to increase the number and quality of scholars prepared to conduct research with vulnerable populations. Research training strategies include a summer research institute, policy fellowship, and a scholars "pipeline" program. A unique perspective is presented through collaboration between a nursing school and a center for health disparities research.
种族主义、民族中心主义、隔离、刻板印象和阶级主义与健康公平和健康的社会决定因素密切相关。它们导致缺乏权力、金钱、资源和教育，可能导致医疗保健机会和结果不佳。医疗专业教师必须解决影响临床和研究培训中健康结果的个人、人际、机构、社会和政治因素之间存在的复杂关系。因此，本文的目的是提供护理教育中培养文化敏感性的培训策略示例。首先，探讨了健康公平、文化、族裔和种族的假设。其次，探讨了本科和研究生背景下的临床培训，包括本科癌症案例研究和研究生儿科护理计划，以展示如何使用文化模型将生物医学和心理社会内容整合到一门课程中。第三，描述了暑期学者和博士和博士后研究员（短期和长期）的研究培训，以展示如何增加有能力对弱势群体进行研究的学者的数量和质量。研究培训策略包括暑期研究研究所、政策奖学金以及学者“管道”计划。通过护理学校和健康差距研究中心之间的合作，提出了一个独特的视角。
