Lavoie J, Godbout S, Lemay S P, Belzile M
Institut de Recherché Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST), Montreal, Québec, Canada.
J Agric Saf Health. 2009 Jul;15(3):225-40. doi: 10.13031/2013.27407.
In-barn manure separation systems are becoming popular due to various environmental pressures on the swine industry. According to the literature, separation of feces and urine directly underneath the slats should have a positive impact on barn air quality. Removal and rapid separation of the two phases (solid/liquid) would reduce the dust and bioaerosol emissions, which would significantly improve the air quality in pig-housing facilities. From an occupational health and safety perspective, the maximum endotoxin and total bacteria concentrations to ensure workers' safety should not exceed 450 endotoxin units per cubic meter of air (EU m(-3)) and 10(4) colony-forming units per cubic meter of air (CFU m(-3)), respectively. In the current study, the effect on air quality of six in-barn manure handling systems was measured. A flat scraper system and four separation systems installed under the slats (a conveyor belt system, a conveyor net system, and a V-shaped scraper operated at two operation frequencies) were evaluated and compared to a conventional pull-plug system (control). The experiment took place in twelve independent and identical rooms housing four grower-finisher pigs each, and air samples were collected and analyzed for total dust, endotoxins, bacteria, and mold counts. The results obtained from this experimental setup show that the separation of feces and urine under the slats would concentrate at least 80% of the phosphorus in the solid phase. The total bacteria and endotoxin concentrations are lower than those found in commercial hog barns but remain higher than the recommended levels. Only the total dust concentrations are approximately 10% of their regulated value. This separation has no impact on dust and bioaerosol concentrations compared to the control.
由于养猪业面临的各种环境压力，舍内粪便分离系统正变得越来越流行。根据文献记载，在板条下方直接分离粪便和尿液应对畜舍空气质量产生积极影响。去除并快速分离这两个相（固体/液体）将减少灰尘和生物气溶胶排放，这将显著改善养猪设施内的空气质量。从职业健康与安全角度来看，为确保工人安全，空气中内毒素和总细菌的最大浓度分别不应超过每立方米空气450内毒素单位（EU m(-3)）和每立方米空气10(4)菌落形成单位（CFU m(-3)）。在本研究中，测量了六种舍内粪便处理系统对空气质量的影响。评估并比较了一个平刮板系统和安装在板条下方的四个分离系统（一个输送带系统、一个输送网系统以及以两种运行频率运行的V形刮板）与一个传统拔塞系统（对照）。实验在12个独立且相同的房间中进行，每个房间饲养4头生长育肥猪，采集空气样本并分析其中的总灰尘、内毒素、细菌和霉菌数量。从该实验设置获得的结果表明，在板条下方分离粪便和尿液会使至少80%的磷集中在固相。总细菌和内毒素浓度低于商业猪场中的浓度，但仍高于推荐水平。只有总灰尘浓度约为其规定值的10%。与对照相比，这种分离对灰尘和生物气溶胶浓度没有影响。
