Maniglio Roberto
Child Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatry, Criminology, Department of Pedagogic, Psychological, and Didactic Sciences, University of Salento, Via Stampacchia 45/47, Lecce 73100, Italy.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2009 Nov;29(7):647-57. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.08.003. Epub 2009 Aug 19.
A large amount of studies and literature reviews on the consequences of child sexual abuse has appeared over the past twenty years. To prevent that the inconsistency in their conclusions along with their methodological differences and limitations may create interpretative difficulties, mistaken beliefs, or confusion among all professionals who turn to this literature for guidance, this paper addresses the best available scientific evidence on the topic, by providing a systematic review of the several reviews that have investigated the literature on the effects of child sexual abuse. Seven databases were searched, supplemented with hand-search of reference lists from retrieved papers. The author and a psychiatrist independently evaluated the eligibility of all studies identified, abstracted data, and assessed study quality. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Fourteen reviews, including more than 270,000 subjects from 587 studies, were analyzed. There is evidence that survivors of childhood sexual abuse are significantly at risk of a wide range of medical, psychological, behavioral, and sexual disorders. Relationships are small to medium in magnitudes and moderated by sample source and size. Child sexual abuse should be considered as a general, nonspecific risk factor for psychopathology. The implications for research, treatment, and health policy are discussed.
在过去二十年里，出现了大量关于儿童性虐待后果的研究和文献综述。为避免其结论的不一致以及方法上的差异和局限性可能给所有参考这些文献寻求指导的专业人士造成解释困难、错误观念或困惑，本文通过对几篇调查儿童性虐待影响文献的综述进行系统回顾，阐述了该主题现有的最佳科学证据。我们检索了七个数据库，并人工查阅了所检索论文的参考文献列表。作者和一位精神科医生独立评估了所有识别出的研究的合格性，提取数据并评估研究质量。分歧通过协商解决。我们分析了十四篇综述，涉及来自587项研究的超过270,000名受试者。有证据表明，童年期遭受性虐待的幸存者患多种医学、心理、行为和性障碍的风险显著增加。这种关联程度为小到中等，并受样本来源和规模的影响。儿童性虐待应被视为精神病理学的一个普遍、非特异性风险因素。本文还讨论了对研究、治疗和卫生政策的启示。
