Chertok Ilana R A
West Virginia University, School of Nursing, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2009 Nov;18(21):2949-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02912.x. Epub 2009 Sep 4.
The primary objective of the multi-site, international study was to examine trends in weight gain for term infants breastfed with and without ultra-thin silicone nipple shields to determine the effect of nipple shield use on infant weight gain over two months. Additionally, the study examined maternal satisfaction with nipple shield use using a structured survey.
The nipple shield may facilitate successful breastfeeding outcomes when indicated. There has been question regarding infant weight gain with nipple shield use. A published pilot study using within-subject design indicated no significant difference in infant test weights and maternal prolactin levels when breastfeeding with and without nipple shields. The current study builds and expands upon the pilot study.
Prospective, multi-site, non-randomised, between-subject study.
Maternal-infant dyads (n = 54) who used a nipple shield for breastfeeding were studied.
Results demonstrate no statistically significant difference in infant weight gain at two weeks, one month and two months between infants who breastfed with and infants who breastfed without a nipple shield. A majority (89.8%) of the women reported a positive experience with nipple shield use and 67.3% of the women reported that the nipple shield helped prevent breastfeeding termination.
Infant weight gain was similar in maternal-infant dyads using nipple shields for two months compared to those not using the shields. Maternal positive report of nipple shield use lends to the clinical importance of nipple shield use when appropriately indicated.
Nipple shield use may facilitate breastfeeding when clinically indicated in maternal-infant dyads without risk of decreased infant weight gain.
这项多中心国际研究的主要目的是，研究使用和不使用超薄硅胶乳头罩进行母乳喂养的足月儿体重增加趋势，以确定使用乳头罩对婴儿两个月内体重增加的影响。此外，该研究还通过结构化调查考察了母亲对使用乳头罩的满意度。
在有指征时，乳头罩可能有助于实现成功的母乳喂养结果。关于使用乳头罩对婴儿体重增加的影响一直存在疑问。一项已发表的采用受试者自身对照设计的初步研究表明，使用和不使用乳头罩进行母乳喂养时，婴儿的测试体重和母亲的催乳素水平没有显著差异。本研究在初步研究的基础上进行了拓展。
前瞻性、多中心、非随机、受试者间研究。
对使用乳头罩进行母乳喂养的母婴二元组（n = 54）进行了研究。
结果表明，使用乳头罩母乳喂养的婴儿和不使用乳头罩母乳喂养的婴儿在两周、一个月和两个月时的体重增加没有统计学上的显著差异。大多数（89.8%）女性报告使用乳头罩的体验良好，67.3%的女性报告乳头罩有助于防止母乳喂养中断。
与未使用乳头罩的母婴二元组相比，使用乳头罩两个月的母婴二元组中婴儿体重增加情况相似。母亲对使用乳头罩的积极报告表明，在有适当指征时使用乳头罩具有临床重要性。
在临床上有指征时，使用乳头罩可能有助于母婴二元组进行母乳喂养，且不会有婴儿体重增加减少的风险。
