Porter John, Costanza Robert, Sandhu Harpinder, Sigsgaard Lene, Wratten Steve
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen (KU-LIFE), Taastrup, Denmark.
Ambio. 2009 Jun;38(4):186-93. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447-38.4.186.
Agricultural ecosystems produce food, fiber, and non-marketed ecosystem services (ES). Agriculture also typically involves high negative external costs associated with, for example, fossil fuel use. We estimated, via field-scale ecological monitoring and economic value-transfer methods, the market and nonmarket ES value of a combined food and energy (CFE) agro-ecosystem that simultaneously produces food, fodder, and bioenergy. Such novel CFE agro-ecosystems can provide a significantly increased net crop, energy, and nonmarketed ES compared with conventional agriculture, and require markedly less fossil-based inputs. Extrapolated to the European scale, the value of nonmarket ES from the CFE system exceeds current European farm subsidy payments. Such integrated food and bioenergy systems can thus provide environmental value for money for European Union farming and nonfarming communities.
农业生态系统生产食物、纤维和非市场性生态系统服务（ES）。农业通常还涉及与例如化石燃料使用相关的高额负面外部成本。我们通过实地规模的生态监测和经济价值转移方法，估算了一个同时生产食物、饲料和生物能源的联合粮食与能源（CFE）农业生态系统的市场和非市场ES价值。与传统农业相比，这种新型CFE农业生态系统能够显著增加作物净产量、能源和非市场ES，并且所需的化石基投入明显更少。推算至欧洲范围，CFE系统的非市场ES价值超过了当前欧洲的农业补贴支付。因此，这种综合粮食与生物能源系统可为欧盟的农业和非农业社区提供物有所值的环境价值。
