Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Waste Manag Res. 2009 Nov;27(8):789-99. doi: 10.1177/0734242X09343774. Epub 2009 Sep 11.
Important greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to waste incineration and co-combustion of waste were identified and considered relative to critical aspects such as: the contents of biogenic and fossil carbon, N(2)O emissions, fuel and material consumptions at the plants, energy recovery, and solid residues generated. GHG contributions were categorized with respect to direct emissions from the combustion plant as well as indirect upstream contributions (e.g. provision of fuels and materials) and indirect downstream contributions (e.g. substitution of electricity and heat produced elsewhere). GHG accounting was done per tonne of waste received at the plant. The content of fossil carbon in the input waste, for example as plastic, was found to be critical for the overall level of the GHG emissions, but also the energy conversion efficiencies were essential. The emission factors for electricity provision (also substituted electricity) affected the indirect downstream emissions with a factor of 3-9 depending on the type of electricity generation assumed. Provision of auxiliary fuels, materials and resources corresponded to up to 40% of the direct emission from the plants (which were 347-371 kg CO(2)-eq. tonne( -1) of waste for incineration and 735-803 kg CO(2)-eq. tonne(-1) of waste for co-combustion). Indirect downstream savings were within the range of -480 to -1373 kg CO(2)eq. tonne(-1) of waste for incineration and within -181 to -2607 kg CO(2)-eq. tonne(- 1) of waste for co-combustion. N(2)O emissions and residue management did not appear to play significant roles.
重要的温室气体（GHG）排放与废物焚烧和废物共焚烧有关，与关键方面有关，如：生物源和化石碳的含量、N（2）O 排放、工厂的燃料和材料消耗、能源回收以及产生的固体残留物。GHG 排放根据燃烧厂的直接排放以及上游间接排放（例如燃料和材料的供应）和下游间接排放（例如替代其他地方生产的电力和热量）进行分类。GHG 核算按工厂接收的每吨废物进行。输入废物中的化石碳含量，例如塑料，对 GHG 排放的整体水平至关重要，但能源转换效率也至关重要。电力供应的排放因素（包括替代电力）对间接下游排放的影响因子为 3-9，具体取决于假设的发电类型。辅助燃料、材料和资源的供应相当于工厂直接排放的 40%（焚烧的直接排放量为 347-371kgCO（2）-eq. 吨（-1）废物，共焚烧的直接排放量为 735-803kgCO（2）-eq. 吨（-1）废物）。间接下游的节约范围为-480 至-1373kgCO（2）eq. 吨（-1）废物焚烧和-181 至-2607kgCO（2）-eq. 吨（-1）废物共焚烧。N（2）O 排放和残渣管理似乎没有发挥重要作用。
