Hislop A A, Wharton J, Allen K M, Polak J M, Haworth S G
Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1990 Sep;3(3):191-8.
Bronchial reactivity changes during childhood, indicating possible changes in neural control. Nerves supplying the intrapulmonary airways were therefore studied in autopsy tissue from 14 normal infants (0 to 3.5 yr), 3 children (8.3 to 10.75 yr), and 4 adults (17 to 24 yr). An indirect immunofluorescence technique was used to study the distribution and relative number of nerve fibers containing the general neuronal markers protein gene product 9.5 and synaptophysin. Nerve subpopulations were identified using antisera to neuropeptide tyrosine, vasoactive intestine polypeptide, somatostatin, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. Between birth and 3 yr, the distribution and relative number of immunoreactive nerves shown by both the general neuronal markers and specific antisera did not change. Neuropeptide tyrosine-immunoreactive nerves were the most common peptide-containing nerve subpopulation identified in the human lung, supplying bronchial smooth muscle, submucosal glands, cartilage, and submucosa. Other peptide-containing nerves exhibited distinct distribution patterns. Two differences in the airway innervation were identified between cases aged 0 to 3.5 yr and the older age groups. Relatively fewer peptide-containing nerves occurred in the adult bronchioli and respiratory unit, but the relative number of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing nerves supplying the bronchial and bronchiolar smooth muscle was greater in the two older age groups. Given these apparent age-related differences in the number of peptide-containing nerves supplying the human airway, studies on the development of peptide receptors are indicated.
支气管反应性在儿童期会发生变化，这表明神经控制可能存在变化。因此，对14名正常婴儿（0至3.5岁）、3名儿童（8.3至10.75岁）和4名成年人（17至24岁）的尸检组织中的肺内气道神经进行了研究。采用间接免疫荧光技术研究含有一般神经元标志物蛋白基因产物9.5和突触素的神经纤维的分布和相对数量。使用针对神经肽Y、血管活性肠肽、生长抑素、P物质、降钙素基因相关肽和酶酪氨酸羟化酶的抗血清来鉴定神经亚群。在出生至3岁之间，一般神经元标志物和特异性抗血清所显示的免疫反应性神经的分布和相对数量没有变化。神经肽Y免疫反应性神经是在人肺中鉴定出的最常见的含肽神经亚群，为支气管平滑肌、粘膜下腺、软骨和粘膜下层提供神经支配。其他含肽神经表现出不同的分布模式。在0至3.5岁的病例与年龄较大的年龄组之间，发现气道神经支配存在两个差异。在成人细支气管和呼吸单位中，含肽神经相对较少，但在两个年龄较大的年龄组中，为支气管和细支气管平滑肌提供神经支配的含血管活性肠肽神经的相对数量较多。鉴于在为人气道提供神经支配的含肽神经数量上存在这些明显的年龄相关差异，有必要开展关于肽受体发育的研究。
