Lepara Orhan, Valjevac Amina, Alajbegović Azra, Zaćiragić Asija, Nakas-Ićindić Emina
Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2009 Aug;9(3):215-20. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2009.2809.
Alzheimer;s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease but its aetiology and pathophisiology are still not fully understood. Epidemiologic studies examining the association between lipids and dementia have reported conflicting results. High total cholesterol has been associated with both an increased, and decreased, risk of AD and/or vascular dementia (VAD), whereas other studies found no association. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum lipids concentration in patients with probable AD, as well as possible correlation between serum lipids concentrations and cognitive impairment. Our cross-sectional study included 30 patients with probable AD and 30 age and sex matched control subjects. The probable AD was clinically diagnosed by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined at the initial assessment using standard enzymatic colorimetric techniques. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels were calculated. Subjects with probable AD had significantly lower serum TG (p<0,01), TC (p<0,05), LDL-C (p<0,05) and VLDL-C (p<0,01) compared to the control group. We did not observe significant difference in HDL-C level between patients with probable AD and control subjects. Negative, although not significant correlation between TG, TC and VLDL-C and MMSE in patients with AD was observed. In the control group of subjects there was a negative correlation between TC and MMSE but it was not statistically significant (r = -0,28). Further studies are required to explore the possibility for serum lipids to serve as diagnostic and therapeutic markers of AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种多因素疾病，但其病因和病理生理学仍未完全明确。研究脂质与痴呆症之间关联的流行病学研究报告了相互矛盾的结果。总胆固醇水平升高既与AD和/或血管性痴呆（VAD）风险增加有关，也与风险降低有关，而其他研究则未发现关联。本研究的目的是调查可能患有AD的患者的血脂浓度，以及血脂浓度与认知障碍之间可能存在的相关性。我们的横断面研究纳入了30例可能患有AD的患者以及30例年龄和性别匹配的对照受试者。可能患有AD的患者通过NINCDS-ADRDA标准进行临床诊断。在初始评估时，使用标准酶比色法测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和甘油三酯（TG）水平。计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）水平。与对照组相比，可能患有AD的受试者血清TG（p<0.01）、TC（p<0.05）、LDL-C（p<0.０5）和VLDL-C（p<0.01）显著降低。我们未观察到可能患有AD的患者与对照受试者之间HDL-C水平存在显著差异。在AD患者中，观察到TG、TC和VLDL-C与简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）之间呈负相关，尽管不显著。在对照组受试者中，TC与MMSE之间存在负相关，但无统计学意义（r = -0.28）。需要进一步研究以探索血脂作为AD诊断和治疗标志物的可能性。
