Sánchez-Morla Eva María, Barabash Ana, Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente, Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael, Balanzá-Martínez Vicent, Cabranes-Díaz José Antonio, Baca-Baldomero Enrique, Gómez José Luis Santos
University General Hospital of Guadalajara, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2009 Oct 30;169(3):220-8. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2008.06.032. Epub 2009 Sep 15.
Few studies have compared neurocognitive performance in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD), stabilized patients with schizophrenia (SC) and normal controls (NC) using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and those that have been conducted have yielded discrepant results. We evaluated the neurocognitive profile shown by 73 euthymic patients with BD, 89 stabilized patients with SC and 67 NC. All participants completed a cognitive battery in which the domains evaluated were executive functioning, sustained attention, and verbal and visual memory. Individuals with BD were administered the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). Patients with BD manifested dysfunction in executive functioning (moderate-to-large effect size), sustained attention (moderate effect size) and verbal/visual memory (large effect size) compared with NC. Verbal memory deficit in patients with BD was related to poor functional outcome on the QLS and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Patients with BD performed significantly better than patients with SC on the Trail Making Test (TMT) part B, backward digit span, and California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) learning trials. Other neuropsychological measures showed no significant differences between the two patient groups. These findings support the notion that euthymic BD patients suffer from an extensive neurocognitive deficit that affects all cognitive domains and is qualitatively similar to that in SC patients. Persistent verbal memory impairment in BD has clinical relevance because it is associated with poor psychosocial function.
很少有研究使用一套全面的神经心理学测试，比较双相情感障碍（BD）病情缓解期患者、病情稳定的精神分裂症（SC）患者和正常对照者（NC）的神经认知表现，已开展的相关研究结果也不一致。我们评估了73例BD病情缓解期患者、89例病情稳定的SC患者和67例NC的神经认知特征。所有参与者都完成了一套认知测试，评估的领域包括执行功能、持续注意力以及言语和视觉记忆。BD患者还接受了生活质量量表（QLS）测试。与NC相比，BD患者在执行功能（中到较大效应量）、持续注意力（中等效应量）和言语/视觉记忆（较大效应量）方面存在功能障碍。BD患者的言语记忆缺陷与QLS和功能总体评定量表（GAF）的不良功能结局相关。在连线测验（TMT）B部分、倒背数字广度和加利福尼亚言语学习测验（CVLT）学习试验中，BD患者的表现明显优于SC患者。其他神经心理学测量结果显示，两组患者之间没有显著差异。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即BD病情缓解期患者存在广泛的神经认知缺陷，影响所有认知领域，且在性质上与SC患者相似。BD患者持续存在的言语记忆损害具有临床相关性，因为它与不良的社会心理功能有关。
