The Stanley Medical Research Institute, 8401 Connecticut Avenue, Suite 200, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
Schizophr Bull. 2010 Jan;36(1):26-32. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbp097. Epub 2009 Sep 16.
Although the Nazi genocide of Jews during World War II is well known, the concurrent Nazi genocide of psychiatric patients is much less widely known. An attempt was made to estimate the number of individuals with schizophrenia who were sterilized and murdered by the Nazis and to assess the effect on the subsequent prevalence and incidence of this disease. It is estimated that between 220,000 and 269,500 individuals with schizophrenia were sterilized or killed. This total represents between 73% and 100% of all individuals with schizophrenia living in Germany between 1939 and 1945. Postwar studies of the prevalence of schizophrenia in Germany reported low rates, as expected. However, postwar rates of the incidence of schizophrenia in Germany were unexpectedly high. The Nazi genocide of psychiatric patients was the greatest criminal act in the history of psychiatry. It was also based on what are now known to be erroneous genetic theories and had no apparent long-term effect on the subsequent incidence of schizophrenia.
尽管第二次世界大战期间纳粹对犹太人的种族灭绝广为人知，但同时纳粹对精神病人的种族灭绝却鲜为人知。本文试图对纳粹绝育和谋杀的精神分裂症患者人数进行估计，并评估其对该病随后的患病率和发病率的影响。据估计，有 22 万至 26.95 万精神分裂症患者被绝育或杀害。这一总数占 1939 年至 1945 年间居住在德国的所有精神分裂症患者的 73%至 100%。战后德国精神分裂症患病率的研究报告显示，发病率较低，这是意料之中的。然而，战后德国精神分裂症的发病率却出人意料地高。纳粹对精神病人的种族灭绝是精神病学史中最大的犯罪行为。它也是基于现在已知的错误遗传理论，对随后精神分裂症的发病率没有明显的长期影响。
