Adewole Olanisun Olufemi, Anteyi Emmanuel, Ajuwon Zaccheus, Wada Ibrahim, Elegba Funmilayo, Ahmed Patience, Betiku Yewande, Okpe Andrew, Eze Stella, Ogbeche Tomi, Erhabor Greg Efosa
Medicine Department, NHA, Abuja, Nigeria.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2009 Jun 1;3(5):369-75. doi: 10.3855/jidc.245.
We set out to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses among human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals and its impact on pattern of presentation.
A serological study for hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses was performed on 260 HIV-positive individuals. These patients were tested for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody.
Thirty (11.5%) patients tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, six (2.3%) tested positive for anti-hepatitis C virus antibody, four (1.5%) were positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C virus and the overall prevalence was 15.4% . Individuals younger than 40 years of age were more affected, and the odds ratio of a female being co-infected was 1.2, 25% versus 75% p value = 0.03. The prevalence of HIV and hepatitis co-infection rises with age except for hepatitis C. There was no significant difference in the mean levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT) among the various groups. The groups differ significantly in their mean CD4 count: it was lowest for those co-infected with hepatitis B and hepatitis C; 106 cells/mm(3), 171 cells/mm(3) for those with HIV alone; and the highest value of 260 cells/mm(3) was obtained in those who tested positive for anti-HCV. Scarification marks and multiple blood transfusions were more common among those infected. There was no case of intravenous drug abuse identified.
This low frequency of HIV/HCV co-infection is probably due to the uncommon intravenous drug abuse in this population. Co-infection with hepatitis B virus is common among our HIV-infected patients and should be a major consideration in the initiation and choice of therapy.
我们旨在确定人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者中乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的血清流行率及其对临床表现模式的影响。
对260名HIV阳性个体进行了乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的血清学研究。这些患者接受了乙型肝炎表面抗原和抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）抗体检测。
30名（11.5%）患者乙型肝炎表面抗原检测呈阳性，6名（2.3%）患者抗丙型肝炎病毒抗体检测呈阳性，4名（1.5%）患者乙型肝炎表面抗原和抗丙型肝炎病毒均呈阳性，总体流行率为15.4%。年龄小于40岁的个体受影响更大，女性合并感染的优势比为1.2，分别为25%和75%，p值=0.03。除丙型肝炎外，HIV与肝炎合并感染的流行率随年龄增长而上升。各组之间肝酶（AST、ALT）的平均水平无显著差异。各组的平均CD4细胞计数差异显著：乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎合并感染的患者最低，为106个细胞/mm³；仅感染HIV的患者为171个细胞/mm³；抗HCV检测呈阳性的患者最高，为260个细胞/mm³。在感染者中，划痕标记和多次输血更为常见。未发现静脉药物滥用病例。
HIV/HCV合并感染的低频率可能是由于该人群中静脉药物滥用不常见。乙型肝炎病毒合并感染在我们的HIV感染患者中很常见，在治疗的启动和选择中应作为主要考虑因素。
