Vlaardingerbroek Hester, van Goudoever Johannes B, van den Akker Chris H P
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Early Hum Dev. 2009 Nov;85(11):691-5. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2009.08.052. Epub 2009 Sep 16.
Postnatal nutrition has a large impact on long-term outcome of preterm infants. Evidence is accumulating showing even a relationship between nutrient supply in the first week of life and later cognitive development in extremely low birth weight infants. Since enteral nutrition is often not tolerated following birth, parenteral nutrition is necessary. Yet, optimal parenteral intakes of both energy and amino acids are not well established. Subsequently, many preterm infants fail to grow well, with long-term consequences. Early and high dose amino acid administration has been shown to be effective and safe in very low birth weight infants, but the effect of additional lipid administration needs to be defined.
出生后营养对早产儿的长期预后有很大影响。越来越多的证据表明，极低出生体重儿出生后第一周的营养供应与后期认知发育之间存在关联。由于出生后肠道营养往往不耐受，因此肠外营养是必要的。然而，能量和氨基酸的最佳肠外摄入量尚未明确。随后，许多早产儿生长不佳，并产生长期后果。已证明早期高剂量氨基酸给药对极低出生体重儿有效且安全，但额外给予脂质的效果仍有待确定。
