Iacobelli S, Bonsante F, Gouyon J B
Neonatall Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Dijon University Hospital, France.
Minerva Pediatr. 2010 Jun;62(3 Suppl 1):203-4.
There is growing evidence that early water and electrolyte homeostasis may be influenced by energy balance in preterm infants. Some fluid and electrolyte disturbances of postnatal life could be in part promoted by the catabolism due to withheld amino acid and energy supply after birth. According to current guidelines parenteral nutrition with relatively high protein and lipid needs is commenced on day one. By turning the nitrogen balance from negative to zero or even positive, amino acid administration could also minimize the occurrence of water and ions disturbances after birth especially in extremely preterm infants. Future researches are needed in order to further investigate the impact of amino acid and energy intake on early fluid balance in preterm infants.
越来越多的证据表明，早期水和电解质平衡可能受到早产儿能量平衡的影响。出生后生活中的一些液体和电解质紊乱可能部分是由于出生后氨基酸和能量供应不足导致的分解代谢所促进的。根据当前指南，出生第一天就开始给予蛋白质和脂质需求相对较高的肠外营养。通过将氮平衡从负转为零甚至正平衡，给予氨基酸还可以最大程度减少出生后尤其是极早产儿水和离子紊乱的发生。为了进一步研究氨基酸和能量摄入对早产儿早期液体平衡的影响，还需要开展未来的研究。
