Alexander R M
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Leeds, U.K.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1990 Jul 30;329(1252):3-10. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1990.0144.
High jumpers run at moderate speeds and set down the foot, from which they take off, well in front of the body. Long jumpers run up much faster and place the foot less far forward, with the leg at a steeper angle. A simple model, which takes into account the mechanical properties of muscle, predicts optimum take-off techniques that agree well with those used by athletes. These predictions are remarkably insensitive to the numerical values assigned to the physiological parameters.
跳高运动员以适中的速度奔跑，然后将起跳脚落在身体前方较远的位置。跳远运动员的助跑速度要快得多，起跳脚向前放置的距离较短，腿部角度更陡。一个考虑了肌肉力学特性的简单模型预测出的最佳起跳技术与运动员实际使用的技术非常吻合。这些预测结果对赋予生理参数的数值非常不敏感。
