精神分裂症中的语法加工：形态学证据。
Grammatical processing in schizophrenia: evidence from morphology.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0109, La Jolla, CA 92093-0109, USA.
出版信息
Neuropsychologia. 2010 Jan;48(1):262-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.09.012.
Patients with psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia commonly present with impaired language. Here we investigate language in schizophrenia with a focus on inflectional morphology, using an intensively studied and relatively well-understood linguistic paradigm. Patients with schizophrenia (n=43) and age-matched healthy control subjects (n=42) were asked to produce past tenses of regular (slip), irregular (swim), and novel (plag) English verbs. Patients were impaired at regulars and novels (slipped, plagged), with relative sparing of irregulars (swam), controlling for numerous subject- and item-specific factors (e.g., IQ, phonological complexity). Additionally, patients' thought-disorder scores significantly predicted their performance at regular and novel (but not irregular) past-tense production. The results support grammatical deficits in schizophrenia, with a relative sparing of lexical memory, and suggest that thought disorder may be linked with grammatical impairments in the disorder.
精神障碍患者，如精神分裂症患者，通常会出现语言障碍。在这里，我们通过一个经过深入研究且相对较好理解的语言学范例，重点研究精神分裂症患者的语言能力。我们要求精神分裂症患者（n=43）和年龄匹配的健康对照组（n=42）生成英语规则动词（slip）、不规则动词（swim）和新造动词（plag）的过去式。结果发现，患者在生成规则动词（slipped，plagged）和新造动词（未形成过去式）时存在障碍，而在生成不规则动词（swam）时则相对正常，且控制了许多与个体和项目相关的因素（例如，智商、语音复杂度）。此外，患者的思维障碍评分显著预测了他们在规则动词和新造动词（而非不规则动词）过去式生成方面的表现。研究结果支持精神分裂症存在语法缺陷，同时存在词汇记忆相对正常的现象，并表明思维障碍可能与该障碍中的语法障碍有关。
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