VU University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Valeriusplein 9, 1075 BG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ageing Res Rev. 2010 Apr;9(2):163-83. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2009.09.002. Epub 2009 Sep 23.
Many psychosocial intervention studies report effects in subgroups of people with dementia. Insight into the characteristics of these subgroups is important for care practice. This study reviews personal characteristics of people with dementia (living in the community or in an institution) that are related to positive outcomes of psychosocial interventions. Electronic databases and key articles were searched for effect studies published between January 1990 and February 2008. Outcome measures were clustered into categories such as cognitive functioning, behavioural functioning and mental health. Seventy-one studies showed positive outcomes on psychosocial interventions, such as decreased depression and less behavioural problems, related to personal characteristics of people with dementia, such as gender, type or severity of dementia, presence of behavioural or mental health problems, and living situation. For people with dementia living in the community positive effects were most frequently found in the persons with mild to severe dementia not otherwise specified and with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease. For people with dementia living in an institution positive effects were found most frequently in the subgroups moderate to severe dementia, severe to very severe dementia and in the subgroup with behavioural problems. This study provides a unique overview of characteristics that are related to effective intervention outcomes. It also suggests that more research will lead to a better understanding of which care and welfare interventions are effective for specific subgroups of people with dementia.
许多心理社会干预研究报告了痴呆症患者亚组的效果。了解这些亚组的特征对于护理实践很重要。本研究综述了与心理社会干预积极效果相关的痴呆患者（居住在社区或机构中）的个人特征。电子数据库和主要文章检索了 1990 年 1 月至 2008 年 2 月发表的效果研究。结果测量指标被分为认知功能、行为功能和心理健康等类别。71 项研究表明，与痴呆患者的个人特征（如性别、痴呆类型或严重程度、行为或精神健康问题的存在以及生活状况）相关的心理社会干预具有积极效果，如抑郁减轻和行为问题减少。对于居住在社区中的痴呆患者，轻度至重度非特定痴呆和轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病患者最常出现积极效果。对于居住在机构中的痴呆患者，中度至重度痴呆、重度至极重度痴呆和有行为问题的亚组最常出现积极效果。本研究提供了一个独特的概述，说明了与干预效果相关的特征。它还表明，更多的研究将有助于更好地了解哪些护理和福利干预对特定的痴呆亚组有效。
