A microarray analysis of temporal gene expression profiles in thermally injured human skin.

Partial-thickness burns incite a multitude of responses which eventually culminate in cutaneous wound repair. We hypothesized that these events would evoke extensive alterations in gene expression thereby orchestrating the complexity of spatial and temporal events that characterize "normal" human wound healing. In the present study, gene expression from partial-thickness areas at defined temporal periods (1-3 days, 4-6 days, and 7-18 days) after injury were compared to normal non-wounded skin. Gene alterations proved extensive (2286 genes). Statistically significant alterations were noted among increased and decreased genes expressed in the three different temporal groupings. Our foundational data (based on samples from 45 individuals) provide a comprehensive molecular gene expression portrait of the cutaneous reparative responses that are initiated during the first 17 days after injury. Our efforts also represent an initial endeavor to move beyond the historically defined "morphological phases" of wound repair toward reporting molecular clues that define the temporal sequence of healing in human subjects. Further analysis of genes that are either affected or remain not affected following injury to normal skin is expected to identify potential targets for therapeutic augmentation or silencing.