Tung Matthew Jia-Yuan, Lantz George Alexander, Lopes Alexandre Dias, Berglund Lars
Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2024 Dec 4;10(4):e001884. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001884. eCollection 2024.
To systematically review the literature on the incidence, prevalence, anatomical injury localisation and risk factors in Olympic weightlifting and powerlifting.
Updated systematic review, PROSPERO registration (CRD42022382364).
Four databases (PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science) were searched on 19 February 2024.
Reports assessing injury incidence and prevalence in Olympic weightlifting and powerlifting, published between January 2015 and February 2024, were included in addition to reports from a previous systematic review. The 'Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies' was used to assess methodological quality.
Of 1765 screened records, eight new reports were found, resulting in 17 reports in the review. 12 reports covered weightlifting and seven covered powerlifting, with two of the reports included in both categories as they addressed both sports. In weightlifting, the period prevalence of injuries during competitions was 10.7%-68%, the incidence was 2.4-3.3 injuries/1000 hours of training, and the most common injury sites were the knee, lower back, shoulder and hands/fingers. In powerlifting, one report showed a point prevalence of 70%. Injury incidence was 1.0-4.4 injuries/1000 hours of training, and the most common injury sites were the lower back/pelvis, shoulder and elbow/upper arm. Both sports showed a high prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction (eg, urinary incontinence) among females (50%) compared with males (9.3%).
This updated systematic review supports the conclusions of previous reviews and shows new findings that pelvic floor dysfunction is very common in both sports. Due to the distinctly different study designs and settings, further direct comparisons between sports were difficult. In weightlifting, reports mainly focused on injuries during competitions. In powerlifting, injury incidence was low, but injury prevalence was high when defining injury as a painful condition that impairs training/competition.
系统回顾有关奥林匹克举重和力量举运动中损伤发生率、患病率、解剖损伤定位及危险因素的文献。
更新的系统综述，PROSPERO注册（CRD42022382364）。
2024年2月19日检索了四个数据库（PubMed、Embase、SPORTDiscus和科学网）。
除了之前系统综述的报告外，还纳入了2015年1月至2024年2月期间发表的评估奥林匹克举重和力量举运动损伤发生率和患病率的报告。使用“观察性队列研究和横断面研究质量评估工具”评估方法学质量。
在1765条筛选记录中，发现了8篇新报告，最终纳入综述的报告有17篇。12篇报告涵盖举重运动，7篇报告涵盖力量举运动，其中2篇报告因涉及这两项运动而同时归入这两个类别。在举重运动中，比赛期间损伤的期间患病率为10.7%-68%，发病率为每1000小时训练2.4-3.3次损伤，最常见的损伤部位是膝盖、下背部、肩部和手/手指。在力量举运动中，一份报告显示点患病率为70%。损伤发病率为每1000小时训练1.0-4.4次损伤，最常见的损伤部位是下背部/骨盆、肩部和肘部/上臂。与男性（9.3%）相比，这两项运动中女性盆底功能障碍（如尿失禁）的患病率都很高（50%）。
本次更新的系统综述支持了之前综述的结论，并显示了新的发现，即盆底功能障碍在这两项运动中都非常常见。由于研究设计和背景明显不同，很难对这两项运动进行进一步的直接比较。在举重运动中，报告主要关注比赛期间的损伤。在力量举运动中，损伤发病率较低，但将损伤定义为影响训练/比赛的疼痛状况时，损伤患病率较高。
