National Center for Rural Health Professions, University of Illinois, College of Medicine at Rockford, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
J Rural Health. 2009 Spring;25(2):135-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00209.x.
Past research has documented rural physician and health care professional shortages.
Rural hospital chief executive officers' (CEOs') reported shortages of health professionals and perceptions about recruiting and retention are compared in Illinois and Arkansas.
A survey, previously developed and sent to 28 CEOs in Illinois, was mailed to 110 CEOs in Arkansas. Only responses from rural CEOs are presented (Arkansas n = 39 and Illinois n = 22).
Physician shortages were reported by 51 CEOs (83.6%). Most reported physician shortages in Arkansas were for family medicine, internal medicine, cardiology, obstetrics-gynecology, general surgery, and psychiatry. Most reported physician shortages in Illinois were for family medicine, obstetrics-gynecology, orthopedic surgery, internal medicine, cardiology, and general surgery. Additionally, registered nurses and pharmacists were the top 2 allied health professions shortages. Multivariate analysis (factor and discriminant analyses) examined community attributes associated with ease of recruiting physicians. Six factors were identified and assessed as to their importance in influencing ease of recruitment, with the state included in the model. Three factors were identified as discriminating whether or not physician recruitment was easy: community supportive for family, community cooperates and perceives a good future, and community attractiveness.
Similarities in shortages and attributes influencing recruitment in both states suggest that efforts and policies in health professions workforce development can be generalized between regions. This study further reinforces some important known issues concerning retention and recruitment, such as the importance of identifying providers whose preferences are matched to the characteristics and lifestyle of a given area.
过去的研究已经记录了农村医生和卫生保健专业人员的短缺。
比较伊利诺伊州和阿肯色州农村医院首席执行官（CEO）报告的卫生专业人员短缺情况和对招聘和留用的看法。
一项先前开发并发送给伊利诺伊州 28 位首席执行官的调查，寄给了阿肯色州的 110 位首席执行官。仅呈现农村首席执行官的回复（阿肯色州 n = 39，伊利诺伊州 n = 22）。
51 位首席执行官（83.6%）报告存在医生短缺。阿肯色州报告的医生短缺主要集中在家庭医学、内科、心脏病学、妇产科、普通外科和精神病学。伊利诺伊州报告的医生短缺主要集中在家庭医学、妇产科、骨科、内科、心脏病学和普通外科。此外，注册护士和药剂师是排名前两位的短缺的辅助医疗专业人员。多元分析（因子和判别分析）检查了与招聘医生便利性相关的社区属性。确定了六个因素，并评估了它们对影响招聘便利性的重要性，模型中包括了州。确定了三个因素作为区分医生招聘是否容易的因素：社区对家庭的支持、社区合作和对未来的良好看法以及社区吸引力。
两个州在短缺和影响招聘的属性方面存在相似之处，这表明在卫生专业人员劳动力发展方面的努力和政策可以在区域之间推广。这项研究进一步强调了一些关于保留和招聘的重要已知问题，例如确定那些偏好与特定地区的特征和生活方式相匹配的提供者的重要性。
