Denney-Wilson Elizabeth, Crawford David, Dobbins Timothy, Hardy Louise, Okely Anthony D
NSW Centre for Overweight and Obesity, University of Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2009;18(3):447-52.
Soft drink and fast food are energy dense foodstuffs that are heavily marketed to adolescents, and are likely to be important in terms of risk of obesity. This study sought to examine the influences on soft drink and fast food consumption among adolescents as part of a cross-sectional survey of 2,719 adolescents (aged 11-16) from 93 randomly selected schools in New South Wales, Australia. Students provided information on soft drink and fast food consumption, and responded to statements examining influences over consumption. Over half of the boys and more than one third of the girls reported drinking soft drink daily, and consumption peaked in Grade 8 students. A quarter of students reported choosing soft drinks instead of water or milk, and around 40% agreed that soft drink was usually available in their homes. Availability in the home and drinking soft drinks with meals was most strongly associated with consumption in all age groups. Fast food consumption was higher among boys than girls in all age groups. Convenience and value for money yielded the strongest associations with fast food consumption in boys, while preferring fast food to meals at home and preferring to "upsize" meals were most strongly associated with consumption in girls. Interventions to reduce consumption of soft drinks should target availability in both the home and school environment by removing soft drinks and replacing them with more nutritive beverages. Fast food outlets should be encouraged to provide a greater range of healthy and competitively priced options in reasonable portions.
软饮料和快餐是能量密集型食品，它们针对青少年进行大量营销，并且在肥胖风险方面可能具有重要影响。本研究旨在作为对来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州93所随机抽取学校的2719名青少年（11 - 16岁）进行的横断面调查的一部分，研究对青少年软饮料和快餐消费的影响。学生提供了关于软饮料和快餐消费的信息，并对考察消费影响因素的陈述做出回应。超过一半的男孩和超过三分之一的女孩报告每天饮用软饮料，且消费在八年级学生中达到峰值。四分之一的学生报告选择软饮料而非水或牛奶，约40%的学生同意家中通常备有软饮料。家中可获取软饮料以及用餐时饮用软饮料在所有年龄组中与消费的关联最为紧密。在所有年龄组中，男孩的快餐消费均高于女孩。便利性和性价比与男孩的快餐消费关联最为紧密，而相较于在家用餐更喜欢快餐以及更喜欢“加大份”餐食与女孩的消费关联最为紧密。减少软饮料消费的干预措施应通过移除软饮料并用更具营养的饮品替代它们，来针对家庭和学校环境中的可获取性。应鼓励快餐店提供更多种类的健康且价格合理的适量选择。
