Visser Troy A W
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2010 Jun;63(6):1085-103. doi: 10.1080/17470210903168235. Epub 2009 Sep 23.
When two targets are presented in rapid succession, identification of the first is nearly perfect, while identification of the second is impaired when it follows the first by less than about 700 ms. According to bottleneck models, this attentional blink (AB) occurs because the second target is unable to gain access to capacity-limited working memory processes already occupied by the first target. Evidence for this hypothesis, however, has been mixed, with recent reports suggesting that increasing working memory load does not affect the AB. The present paper explores possible reasons for failures to find a link between memory load and the AB and shows that a reliable effect of load can be obtained when the item directly after T1 (Target 1) is omitted. This finding provides initial evidence that working memory load can influence the AB and additional evidence for a link between T1 processing time and the AB predicted by bottleneck models.
当两个目标快速连续呈现时，对第一个目标的识别几乎是完美的，而当第二个目标在第一个目标之后不到约700毫秒出现时，对它的识别就会受损。根据瓶颈模型，这种注意瞬脱（AB）的发生是因为第二个目标无法进入已被第一个目标占据的容量有限的工作记忆过程。然而，这一假设的证据并不一致，最近的报告表明增加工作记忆负荷并不会影响注意瞬脱。本文探讨了未能找到记忆负荷与注意瞬脱之间联系的可能原因，并表明当省略T1（目标1）之后的项目时，可以获得负荷的可靠影响。这一发现提供了工作记忆负荷可以影响注意瞬脱的初步证据，以及瓶颈模型预测的T1处理时间与注意瞬脱之间联系的额外证据。
