Qiao Yi-juan, Xing Yi, Ji Cheng-ye, Zhang Lin
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2009 May;30(5):444-7.
To find out the prevalence of bullying behaviors among urban middle school students in China.
An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among middle school students selected by multiply stage cluster random sampling in 18 provinces in China. 187 328 self-administration questionnaires were finished by students from grade 7 to 12 in urban middle school (male, 86,472; female, 91,106), in which 177,578 were valid.
Bullying was common in urban middle school students in China. Multiple bullying behavior also existed. About 66.1% of boys and 48.8% of girls suffered from one or more kinds of bullying; 8.1% of boys and 2.9% of girls suffered from four or more kinds of bullying. Boys were more likely to be bullied than girls. Malicious teasing was the most common bullying behavior(43.2%), followed by sexual bullying behavior (27.0%). In addition to malicious teasing and sexual bullying, the prevalence of other types of bullying declined when the grade was increasing. Residential students were more likely to be maliciously teased, excluded or isolated and sexual bullied than non-residential students. Students from single-parent or recomposed-families wer more likely to be bullied than other students. Male and ordinary school students,students living with single or step-parents were more likely to suffer multiple bullying behaviors at the same time.
The suggesting among students was associated with personal, familiar and social factors, mobilize more social forces and comprehensive actions to be taken to prevent bullying among students.
了解我国城市中学生欺凌行为的发生率。
采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对我国18个省的中学生进行匿名问卷调查。187328名城市中学7至12年级学生(男生86472名,女生91106名)完成了自填式问卷,其中177578份有效。
欺凌行为在我国城市中学生中较为常见,还存在多种欺凌行为。约66.1%的男生和48.8%的女生遭受过一种或多种欺凌;8.1%的男生和2.9%的女生遭受过四种或以上欺凌。男生比女生更容易遭受欺凌。恶意取笑是最常见的欺凌行为(43.2%),其次是性欺凌行为(27.0%)。除恶意取笑和性欺凌外,其他类型的欺凌发生率随年级升高而下降。住校生比非住校生更容易遭受恶意取笑、被排斥或孤立以及性欺凌。单亲或重组家庭的学生比其他学生更容易遭受欺凌。男生、普通学校学生、与单亲或继父母生活的学生更容易同时遭受多种欺凌行为。
学生中的欺凌现象与个人、家庭和社会因素有关,应动员更多社会力量并采取综合行动预防学生欺凌。