Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Dec;9(6):525-30. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328332be33.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the mainstays of therapy of primary immunodeficiencies. We aim to summarize what is known about antibiotic prophylaxis for select primary immunodeficiencies.
In recent years, there has been a push towards more evidence-based practices for antimicrobial prophylaxis for many conditions such as antifungal prophylaxis for extremely premature neonates and antibiotic prophylaxis for neutropenia associated with chemotherapy. However, there are remarkably few data regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in primary immunodeficiencies and regimens vary greatly between practices.
Currently, antibiotic prophylaxis is guided by the common microbial pathogens seen in specific immunodeficiencies, and experience with other chronic illnesses such as cystic fibrosis, HIV, and immunosuppression from transplantation. Controlled studies are necessary to address the preferred antimicrobial and immunomodulator regimens for most of the primary immunodeficiencies.
抗生素预防是原发性免疫缺陷症治疗的主要方法之一。我们旨在总结针对特定原发性免疫缺陷症的抗生素预防措施的相关知识。
近年来，对于许多病症，如极早产儿的抗真菌预防和化疗相关中性粒细胞减少症的抗生素预防，都在朝着更具循证医学实践的方向发展。然而，关于原发性免疫缺陷症的抗生素预防的相关数据却非常有限，而且不同实践之间的方案差异很大。
目前，抗生素预防是根据特定免疫缺陷症中常见的微生物病原体来指导的，同时也借鉴了其他慢性疾病（如囊性纤维化、HIV 和移植免疫抑制）的经验。有必要开展对照研究，以确定大多数原发性免疫缺陷症的首选抗生素和免疫调节剂方案。
