Laboratoire M2C, CNRS, UMR 6143, Université de Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2010 Jan;71(1):137-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00788.x.
Like other highly urbanized and industrialized estuaries, the Seine estuary (France) has, for decades, received high inputs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In order to estimate the bioremediation potentials and to identify the bacterial species involved in hydrocarbon degradation, we used microcosms containing seawater from the Seine estuary supplemented with either naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorene or pyrene. In the microcosms enriched with naphthalene or phenanthrene, hydrocarbon biodegradation was significant within 9 weeks (43% or 46%, respectively), as shown by analyses in GC-MS. In similar microcosms incubated also with naphthalene or phenanthrene, analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences (DNA and cDNA) with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and clone libraries indicated that the PAH-degrading communities were dominated by Cycloclasticus spp., confirming their universal key role in degradation of low-molecular-weight PAHs in marine environments. However, in contrast to previous studies, we found that Pseudomonas spp. also degraded naphthalene and phenanthrene in seawater; this occurred only after 21 days, as was confirmed by real-time PCR. Although this genus has been abundantly described in the literature as a good PAH-degrading bacterial group in soil or in sediment, to our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a significant fitness in PAH degradation in seawater.
与其他高度城市化和工业化的河口一样，几十年来，塞纳河河口（法国）一直接收大量的多环芳烃（PAHs）。为了评估生物修复潜力并确定参与烃类降解的细菌种类，我们使用了含有来自塞纳河口海水的微宇宙，这些海水补充了萘、菲、芴或芘。在富含萘或菲的微宇宙中，烃类生物降解在 9 周内显著（分别为 43%或 46%），这通过 GC-MS 分析得到证实。在同样含有萘或菲的微宇宙中，用变性梯度凝胶电泳和克隆文库对 16S rRNA 基因序列（DNA 和 cDNA）进行分析表明，PAH 降解群落主要由 Cycloclasticus spp. 主导，证实了它们在海洋环境中降解低分子量 PAHs 的普遍关键作用。然而，与先前的研究不同，我们发现假单胞菌也能在海水中降解萘和菲；这仅在 21 天后才发生，实时 PCR 得到了证实。尽管这个属在文献中被大量描述为土壤或沉积物中一种很好的 PAH 降解细菌群，但据我们所知，这是该属在海水中具有显著降解能力的第一个证据。
