Whittaker Robyn, Borland Ron, Bullen Chris, Lin Ruey B, McRobbie Hayden, Rodgers Anthony
Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Auckland, Cnr Morrin & Merton Rds, Glen Innes, Auckland, New Zealand.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Oct 7(4):CD006611. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006611.pub2.
Innovative effective smoking cessation interventions are required to appeal to those who are not accessing traditional cessation services. Mobile phones are widely used and are now well integrated into the daily lives of many, particularly young adults. Mobile phones are a potential medium for the delivery of health programmes such as smoking cessation.
To determine whether mobile phone-based interventions are effective at helping people who smoke, to quit.
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cinahl, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, the National Research Register and the ClinicalTrials register, with no restrictions placed on language or publication date.
We included randomized or quasi-randomized trials. Participants were smokers of any age who wanted to quit. Studies were those examining any type of mobile phone-based intervention. This included any intervention aimed at mobile phone users, based around delivery via mobile phone, and using any functions or applications that can be used or sent via a mobile phone.
Information on the specified quality criteria and methodological details was extracted using a standardised form. Participants who dropped out of the trials or were lost to follow up were considered to be smoking. Meta-analysis of the included studies was undertaken using the Mantel-Haenszel Risk Ratio fixed-effect method provided that there was no evidence of substantial statistical heterogeneity as assessed by the I(2) statistic. Where meta-analysis was not possible, summary and descriptive statistics are presented.
Four studies were excluded as they were small non-randomized feasibility studies, and two studies were excluded because follow up was less than six months. Four trials (reported in five papers) are included: a text message programme in New Zealand; a text message programme in the UK; and an Internet and mobile phone programme involving two different groups in Norway. The different types of interventions are analysed separately. When combined by meta-analysis the text message programme trials showed a significant increase in short-term self-reported quitting (RR 2.18, 95% CI 1.80 to 2.65). However, there was considerable heterogeneity in long-term outcomes, with the much larger trial having problems with misclassification of outcomes; therefore these data were not combined. When the data from the Internet and mobile phone programmes were pooled we found statistically significant increases in both short and long-term self-reported quitting (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.94).
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The current evidence shows no effect of mobile phone-based smoking cessation interventions on long-term outcome. While short-term results are positive, more rigorous studies of the long-term effects of mobile phone-based smoking cessation interventions are needed.
需要创新有效的戒烟干预措施来吸引那些未使用传统戒烟服务的人群。手机被广泛使用，如今已很好地融入许多人的日常生活，尤其是年轻人。手机是提供诸如戒烟等健康项目的潜在媒介。
确定基于手机的干预措施在帮助吸烟者戒烟方面是否有效。
我们检索了MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cinahl、PsycINFO、考克兰图书馆、国家研究注册库和临床试验注册库，对语言或出版日期未设限制。
我们纳入了随机或半随机试验。参与者为任何年龄想戒烟的吸烟者。研究为考察任何类型基于手机的干预措施。这包括针对手机用户的任何干预措施，围绕通过手机进行传递，并使用任何可通过手机使用或发送的功能或应用程序。
使用标准化表格提取关于指定质量标准和方法学细节的信息。退出试验或失访的参与者被视为仍在吸烟。对纳入研究进行Meta分析时，若根据I(2)统计量评估无显著统计学异质性证据，则采用Mantel-Haenszel风险比固定效应法。若无法进行Meta分析，则呈现汇总和描述性统计数据。
四项研究因规模较小且为非随机可行性研究而被排除，两项研究因随访时间不足六个月而被排除。纳入四项试验（在五篇论文中报道）：新西兰的一个短信项目；英国的一个短信项目；以及挪威涉及两个不同组别的一个互联网和手机项目。对不同类型的干预措施分别进行分析。通过Meta分析合并时，短信项目试验显示短期自我报告戒烟率显著增加（风险比2.18，95%置信区间1.80至2.65）。然而，长期结果存在相当大的异质性，规模大得多的试验在结果误分类方面存在问题；因此这些数据未合并。当汇总互联网和手机项目的数据时，我们发现短期和长期自我报告戒烟率均有统计学显著增加（风险比2.03，95%置信区间1.40至2.94）。
当前证据表明基于手机的戒烟干预措施对长期结果无影响。虽然短期结果是积极的，但需要对基于手机的戒烟干预措施的长期效果进行更严格的研究。
