开发评估儿童对朋友和父母对身体活动影响的感知的量表。
Development of scales to assess children's perceptions of friend and parental influences on physical activity.
机构信息
Department of Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009 Oct 12;6:67. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-6-67.
BACKGROUND
Many children do not meet physical activity guidelines. Parents and friends are likely to influence children's physical activity but there is a shortage of measures that are able to capture these influences.
METHODS
A new questionnaire with the following three scales was developed: 1) Parental influence on physical activity; 2) Motives for activity with friends scale; and 3) Physical activity and sedentary group normative values. Content for each scale was informed by qualitative work. One hundred and seventy three, 10-11 year old children completed the new questionnaire twice, one week apart. Participants also wore an accelerometer for 5 days and mean minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, light physical activity and sedentary time per day were obtained. Test-retest reliability of the items was calculated and Principal Component analysis of the scales performed and sub-scales produced. Alphas were calculated for main scales and sub-scales. Correlations were calculated among sub-scales. Correlations between each sub-scale and accelerometer physical activity variables were calculated for all participants and stratified by sex.
RESULTS
The Parental influence scale yielded four factors which accounted for 67.5% of the variance in the items and had good (alpha > 0.7) internal consistency. The Motives for physical activity scale yielded four factors that accounted for 66.1% and had good internal consistency. The Physical activity norms scale yielded 4 factors that accounted for 67.4% of the variance, with good internal consistency for the sub-scales and alpha of .642 for the overall scale. Associations between the sub-scales and physical activity differed by sex. Although only 6 of the 11 sub-scales were significantly correlated with physical activity there were a number of associations that were positively correlated >0.15 indicating that these factors may contribute to the explanation of children's physical activity.
CONCLUSION
Three scales that assess how parents, friends and group normative values may be associated with children's physical activity have been shown to be reliable and internally consistent. Examination of the extent to which these new scales improve our understanding of children's physical activity in datasets with a range of participant and family characteristics is needed.
背景
许多儿童都不符合身体活动指南的要求。父母和朋友可能会影响孩子的身体活动，但目前缺乏能够捕捉这些影响的测量方法。
方法
开发了一个新的问卷，包含以下三个量表：1）父母对身体活动的影响；2）与朋友一起活动的动机量表；3）身体活动和久坐行为的群体规范值。每个量表的内容都参考了定性研究。173 名 10-11 岁的儿童在一周内两次完成了新问卷。参与者还佩戴了 5 天的加速度计，每天获得中等至剧烈体力活动、轻度体力活动和久坐时间的平均分钟数。计算了项目的重测信度，并对量表进行了主成分分析，生成了子量表。计算了主要量表和子量表的信度系数。计算了子量表之间的相关性。计算了所有参与者和按性别分层的每个子量表与加速度计身体活动变量之间的相关性。
结果
父母影响量表产生了四个因素，占项目方差的 67.5%，具有良好的内部一致性（alpha > 0.7）。身体活动动机量表产生了四个因素，占 66.1%，具有良好的内部一致性。身体活动规范量表产生了 4 个因素，占 67.4%的方差，子量表具有良好的内部一致性，整体量表的 alpha 为.642。子量表与身体活动之间的相关性因性别而异。尽管只有 11 个子量表中的 6 个与身体活动显著相关，但有许多相关性大于 0.15，表明这些因素可能有助于解释儿童的身体活动。
结论
三个评估父母、朋友和群体规范值如何与儿童身体活动相关的量表已被证明具有可靠性和内部一致性。需要检查这些新量表在具有一系列参与者和家庭特征的数据集内，在多大程度上提高了我们对儿童身体活动的理解。
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