Institute of Clinical Odontology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009 Oct 14;7:89. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-7-89.
An important aim of antenatal care is to improve maternal health- and well being of which oral health is an important part. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) during pregnancy, using a locally adapted OIDP inventory, and to document how periodontal status, tooth-loss and reported periodontal problems are related to oral impacts.
Pregnant women at about 7 months gestational age who were members of a community based multi-center cluster randomized community trial: PROMISE EBF: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breast feeding in the Era of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa, were recruited in the district of Mbale, Eastern Uganda between January 2006 and June 2008. A total of 877 women (participation rate 877/886, 98%, mean age 25.6, sd 6.4) completed an interview and 713 (participation rate 713/886, 80.6%, mean age 25.5 sd 6.6) were examined clinically with respect to tooth-loss and according to the Community Periodontal Index, CPI.
Seven of the original 8 OIDP items were translated into the local language. Cronbach's alpha was 0.85 and 0.80 in urban and rural areas, respectively. The prevalence of oral impacts was 25% in the urban and 30% in the rural area. Corresponding estimates for CPI>0 were 63% and 68%. Adjusted ORs for having any oral impact were 1.1 (95% CI 0.7-1.7), 1.9 (95% CI 1.2-3.1), 1.7 (1.1-2.7) and 2.0 (0.9-4.4) if having respectively, CPI>0, at least one tooth lost, tooth loss in molars and tooth loss in molar-and anterior regions. The Adjusted ORs for any oral impact if reporting periodontal problems ranged from 2.7(95% CI 1.8-4.2) (bad breath) through 8.6(95% CI 5.6-12.9) (chewing problem) to 22.3 (95% CI 13.3-35.9) (toothache).
A substantial proportion of pregnant women experienced oral impacts. The OIDP impacts were most and least substantial regarding functional- and social concerns, respectively. The OIDP varied systematically with tooth loss in the molar region, reported chewing-and periodontal problems. Pregnant women's oral health should be addressed through antenatal care programs in societies with limited access to regular dental care facilities.
产前护理的一个重要目标是改善孕产妇的健康和幸福感，其中口腔健康是一个重要组成部分。本研究旨在使用本地适应性口腔影响日常生活量表（OIDP）评估孕妇在怀孕期间口腔影响日常生活的患病率，并记录牙周状况、牙齿缺失和报告的牙周问题与口腔影响之间的关系。
2006 年 1 月至 2008 年 6 月，在乌干达东部姆巴莱区，我们招募了参加社区为基础的多中心集群随机社区试验 PROMISE EBF（在撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒时代纯母乳喂养的安全性和有效性）的大约 7 个月妊娠期的孕妇。共有 877 名妇女（参与率 877/886，98%，平均年龄 25.6，标准差 6.4）完成了访谈，713 名（参与率 713/886，80.6%，平均年龄 25.5，标准差 6.6）接受了牙齿缺失检查，并根据社区牙周指数（CPI）进行了临床检查。
原始 8 个 OIDP 项目中的 7 个被翻译成当地语言。在城市和农村地区，Cronbach's alpha 分别为 0.85 和 0.80。城市地区口腔影响的患病率为 25%，农村地区为 30%。相应的 CPI>0 的估计值为 63%和 68%。如果分别患有 CPI>0、至少一颗牙齿缺失、磨牙缺失和磨牙及前牙区缺失，那么患有任何口腔影响的调整后比值比（OR）为 1.1（95%置信区间 0.7-1.7）、1.9（95%置信区间 1.2-3.1）、1.7（1.1-2.7）和 2.0（0.9-4.4）。如果报告牙周问题，任何口腔影响的调整后 OR 范围从 2.7（95%置信区间 1.8-4.2）（口臭）到 8.6（95%置信区间 5.6-12.9）（咀嚼问题）到 22.3（95%置信区间 13.3-35.9）（牙痛）。
相当一部分孕妇经历了口腔影响。OIDP 影响在功能和社会关注方面最为显著，在磨牙区、咀嚼和牙周问题方面最为不显著。OIDP 与磨牙区的牙齿缺失、报告的咀嚼和牙周问题有系统的关系。在获得定期牙科保健设施有限的社会中，应通过产前保健计划来解决孕妇的口腔健康问题。
