Jesuino Bruno Gualtieri, Foratori-Junior Gerson Aparecido, Castilho Ana Virgínia Santana Sampaio, da Silva Pinto Ana Carolina, Meira Gabriela de Figueiredo, Sales-Peres Sílvia Helena de Carvalho
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Collective Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 05508-220, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 05508-220, São Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Feb 27;22(3):355. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22030355.
The aim of this study was to assess some variables of women in the 27th week of pregnancy and after childbirth, in addition to determining which of these variables were associated with low birth weight during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The patients were divided into two groups: mothers with normal-weight babies (G1 = 60) and mothers with below-normal-weight babies (G2 = 16). The variables assessed were education, monthly family income, anthropometric parameters, systemic health, periodontal condition, oral hygiene habits, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 results, data from the babies at birth, and a COVID-19 diagnosis during pregnancy. The mothers in G1 showed greater weight gain during pregnancy. There was an increase in tooth plaque percentage, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level during the study period for both groups and an increase in periodontitis cases in the patients from G1. The mothers from G1 had longer pregnancy periods and delivered taller babies with a higher body mass index. A one-unit increase in weight during pregnancy decreases the likelihood of having a below-normal-weight baby by 11.3% [confidence interval = 2.4-20.4%]. Weight gain during pregnancy is a protective factor that decreases the likelihood of babies being born with below-normal weights.
本研究的目的是评估妊娠第27周及产后女性的一些变量，此外还确定在冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，这些变量中的哪些与低出生体重有关。患者被分为两组：体重正常婴儿的母亲（G1 = 60）和体重低于正常婴儿的母亲（G2 = 16）。评估的变量包括教育程度、家庭月收入、人体测量参数、全身健康状况、牙周状况、口腔卫生习惯、口腔健康影响量表-14结果、婴儿出生时的数据以及孕期的COVID-19诊断情况。G1组的母亲在孕期体重增加更多。在研究期间，两组的牙菌斑百分比、探诊深度和临床附着水平均有所增加，G1组患者的牙周炎病例也有所增加。G1组的母亲孕期更长，分娩出的婴儿更高，体重指数也更高。孕期体重每增加一个单位，生出体重低于正常婴儿的可能性就降低11.3%[置信区间 = 2.4 - 20.4%]。孕期体重增加是一个保护因素，可降低婴儿出生时体重低于正常水平的可能性。
