Forouhi Nita G, Sharp Stephen J, Du Huaidong, van der A Daphne L, Halkjaer Jytte, Schulze Matthias B, Tjønneland Anne, Overvad Kim, Jakobsen Marianne Uhre, Boeing Heiner, Buijsse Brian, Palli Domenico, Masala Giovanna, Feskens Edith J M, Sørensen Thorkild I A, Wareham Nicholas J
MRC Epidemiology Unit Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Dec;90(6):1632-41. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27828. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
It is unclear from the inconsistent epidemiologic evidence whether dietary fat intake is associated with future weight change.
The objective was to assess the association between the amount and type of dietary fat and subsequent weight change (follow-up weight minus baseline weight divided by duration of follow-up).
We analyzed data from 89,432 men and women from 6 cohorts of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study. Using country-specific food-frequency questionnaires, we examined the association between baseline fat intake (amount and type of total, saturated, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated fats) and annual weight change by using the residual, nutrient density, and energy-partition methods. We used random-effects meta-analyses to obtain pooled estimates across centers.
Mean total fat intake as a percentage of energy intake ranged between 31.5% and 36.5% across the 6 cohorts (58% women; mean +/- SD age: 53.2 +/- 8.6 y). The mean (+/-SD) annual weight change was 109 +/- 817 g/y in men and 119 +/- 823 g/y in women. In pooled analyses adjusted for anthropometric, dietary, and lifestyle factors and follow-up period, no significant association was observed between fat intake (amount or type) and weight change. The difference in mean annual weight change was 0.90 g/y (95% CI: -0.54, 2.34 g/y) for men and -1.30 g/y (95% CI: -3.70, 1.11 g/y) for women per 1 g/d energy-adjusted fat intake (residual method).
We found no significant association between the amount or type of dietary fat and subsequent weight change in this large prospective study. These findings do not support the use of low-fat diets to prevent weight gain.
饮食脂肪摄入量与未来体重变化之间的关系，从相互矛盾的流行病学证据中尚不清楚。
评估饮食脂肪的量和类型与随后体重变化（随访体重减去基线体重除以随访持续时间）之间的关联。
我们分析了来自欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查（EPIC）研究的6个队列中的89432名男性和女性的数据。使用特定国家的食物频率问卷，我们通过残差法、营养素密度法和能量分配法，研究了基线脂肪摄入量（总脂肪、饱和脂肪、多不饱和脂肪和单不饱和脂肪的量和类型）与年度体重变化之间的关联。我们使用随机效应荟萃分析来获得各中心的汇总估计值。
在6个队列中，能量摄入中总脂肪的平均摄入量占比在31.5%至36.5%之间（58%为女性；平均±标准差年龄：53.2±8.6岁）。男性的平均（±标准差）年度体重变化为109±817克/年，女性为119±823克/年。在针对人体测量、饮食和生活方式因素以及随访期进行调整的汇总分析中，未观察到脂肪摄入量（量或类型）与体重变化之间存在显著关联。每1克/天能量调整后的脂肪摄入量（残差法），男性的平均年度体重变化差异为0.90克/年（95%置信区间：-0.54，2.34克/年），女性为-1.30克/年（95%置信区间：-3.70，1.11克/年）。
在这项大型前瞻性研究中，我们发现饮食脂肪的量或类型与随后的体重变化之间没有显著关联。这些发现不支持使用低脂饮食来预防体重增加。
