Département d'Imagerie Médicale, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
Eur J Radiol. 2009 Oct;72(1):6-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.05.023.
Imaging and histology are two complementary morphological techniques which play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and management of soft tissue sarcomas. Imaging allows to identify some pseudosarcomatous benign lesions such as myositis ossificans, intramuscular hemangioma, angiomyolipoma, intramuscular lipoma, giant cell tumour of tendon sheath, desmoid tumour and elastofibroma. There is no formal criterion for diagnosing a sarcoma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) but malignancy is strongly suspected with the presence of necrosis and vascular, bone or joint invasion. Imaging may also suggest some histological types of sarcoma such as well-differentiated liposarcoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, synovial sarcoma or extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Imaging is also extremely helpful in determining the appropriate kind of sampling to carry out and in guiding the performance of a microbiopsy. The appearance observed on imaging should always be taken into consideration for the interpretation of the microbiopsy by the pathologist.
影像学和组织学是两种互补的形态学技术，在软组织肉瘤的诊断和治疗中起着至关重要的作用。影像学可以识别出一些类似肉瘤的良性病变，如骨化性肌炎、肌肉内血管瘤、血管平滑肌脂肪瘤、肌肉内脂肪瘤、腱鞘巨细胞瘤、韧带样纤维瘤和弹性纤维瘤。磁共振成像（MRI）上没有诊断肉瘤的正式标准，但如果存在坏死、血管、骨骼或关节侵犯，则强烈怀疑为恶性肿瘤。影像学还可以提示某些组织学类型的肉瘤，如高分化脂肪肉瘤、去分化脂肪肉瘤、滑膜肉瘤或骨外骨肉瘤。影像学在确定适当的采样方式和指导微创活检方面也非常有帮助。病理学家在解释微创活检时，应始终考虑影像学上观察到的表现。
