Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2010 Mar;11(2):205-12. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181b80a19.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) in pediatric intensive care units have increased dramatically over recent years. Although state regulations are changing pediatric nurse practitioner certification, licensure and credentialing requirements, available acute care, and critical care educational programs are limited. Thus, entry-level practitioners continue to have varied clinical experience and educational preparation.
To describe the current educational preparation and scope of practice of pediatric NPs and provide guidelines for postgraduate training to successfully integrate NPs into the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).
A group of NPs practicing in pediatric critical care recognized the imminent need for comprehensive orientation guidelines that are readily accessible to physicians and other nurse practitioners to successfully transition entry-level NPs into the PICU. The NPs held many discussions to identify commonalities and differences in the education foundation in pediatric NP programs, expected clinical experience and knowledge of NP students, and anticipated needs and gaps for the entry-level practitioner. A convenience sample of 20 pediatric critical care nurse practitioners practicing for > or =5 yrs were interviewed to examine current orientation processes for entry-level NPs into the PICU. Sample orientation guidelines, job descriptions, and procedural competency forms were collected and reviewed from various PICUs across the United States. An orientation model was drafted and distributed to a secondary panel of ten experienced practitioners to gather expert opinions. Responses were reviewed and a revised draft of the document was distributed to a group of APNs involved in postgraduate education.
A PICU orientation model for entry-level pediatric critical care nurse practitioners was developed.
The orientation curriculum presented here may serve as a resource for NPs and collaborating physicians who are developing a training program for entry-level practitioners.
近年来，儿科重症监护病房（PICU）的护士从业者（NPs）数量急剧增加。尽管州法规正在改变儿科护士从业者的认证、许可和认证要求，但现有的急性护理和重症监护教育项目有限。因此，入门级从业者的临床经验和教育背景仍存在差异。
描述儿科 NPs 的当前教育准备情况和实践范围，并为研究生培训提供指南，以成功将 NPs 融入 PICU。
一组在儿科重症监护领域工作的 NPs 认识到迫切需要制定综合入职培训指南，以便医生和其他护士从业者能够成功地将入门级 NPs 引入 PICU。NPs 进行了多次讨论，以确定儿科 NP 项目的教育基础、NP 学生的预期临床经验和知识、以及入门级从业者的预期需求和差距方面的共同点和差异。采访了 20 名从事儿科重症监护工作>或=5 年的儿科重症监护护士从业者，以检查入门级 NP 进入 PICU 的当前入职流程。从美国各地的不同 PICU 收集和审查了样本入职指南、职位描述和程序能力表格。起草了一个入职模型，并分发给一个由 10 名经验丰富的从业者组成的第二小组，以收集专家意见。对回复进行了审查，并向参与研究生教育的一组 APN 分发了一份修订后的文件草案。
为入门级儿科重症监护护士从业者开发了 PICU 入职模型。
这里提出的入职课程可能成为正在为入门级从业者制定培训计划的 NPs 和合作医师的资源。
