Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, HLS 581, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
J Sch Health. 2009 Nov;79(11):554-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00448.x.
The purpose of this study was to develop and test the reliability of self-report survey items designed to monitor the nonmedical use of prescription drugs among adolescents.
Eighteen nonmedical prescription drug items designed to be congruent with the substance abuse items in the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Youth Risk Behavior Survey were constructed, reviewed by a panel of experts, and then examined to assess reliability using a test-retest survey design.
Simple kappa (kappa) coefficients for 14 of the 18 items demonstrated "substantial" or "almost perfect" reliability. Three items had coefficients within the "fair" or "moderate" ranges and 1 item fell within in the "poor" range. Of the 10 items for which weighted kappa coefficients were calculated, 6 items fell within the "almost perfect" or "substantial" ranges. Three fell within the "moderate" range and 1 fell within the "poor" range.
Based on the expert panel review and the findings from our study, most of the 18 items developed to measure nonmedical use of prescription drugs among adolescents appear valid and reliable. The nonmedical use of prescription drugs ranks fourth among the most abused class of drugs by adolescents after alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana, respectively. The CDC should consider expanding the surveillance of these specific health-risk behaviors that are assuming new importance by including the items described in this article in future national surveys.
本研究旨在开发和测试旨在监测青少年非医疗使用处方药物的自我报告调查项目的可靠性。
设计了 18 个与美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）青少年风险行为调查中的药物滥用项目相一致的非医疗处方药物项目，由专家组进行了审查，然后使用测试 - 重测调查设计来评估可靠性。
18 个项目中的 14 个项目的简单 Kappa（kappa）系数表明具有“实质性”或“几乎完美”的可靠性。3 个项目的系数处于“公平”或“中等”范围内，1 个项目处于“较差”范围内。对于计算加权 Kappa 系数的 10 个项目中的 6 个项目，它们处于“几乎完美”或“实质性”范围。3 个项目处于“中等”范围，1 个项目处于“较差”范围。
根据专家组的审查和我们研究的结果，用于衡量青少年非医疗使用处方药物的 18 个项目中的大多数项目似乎是有效和可靠的。非医疗使用处方药物在青少年中滥用的最严重的药物中排名第四，分别是酒精、烟草和大麻。CDC 应该考虑扩大对这些特定健康风险行为的监测，通过在未来的全国调查中包括本文中描述的项目，这些行为正变得越来越重要。
