Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2009 Oct;25(10):2159-67. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2009001000007.
As life expectancy continues to rise, one of the greatest challenges of public health is to improve the quality of later years of life. The aim of this present study was to analyze the quality of life profile of the elderly across different demographic and socioeconomic factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out in two stages, involving 1,958 individuals aged 60 years or more. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. The lowest scores were found among measures for vitality, mental health and general health and the highest among factors including social functioning and role limitations due to emotional and physical factors. HRQOL was found to be worse among women, in individuals at advanced ages, those who practiced evangelical religions and those with lower levels of income and schooling. The greatest differences in SF-36 scores between the categories were observed in functional capacity and physical factors. The results suggest that healthcare programs for the elderly should take into account the multi-dimensionality of health and social inequalities so that interventions can target the most affected elements of HRQOL as well as the most vulnerable subgroups of the population.
随着预期寿命的持续延长，公共卫生领域面临的最大挑战之一是提高生命后期的生活质量。本研究旨在分析不同人口统计学和社会经济因素下老年人的生活质量状况。采用横断面研究方法，分两个阶段对 1958 名 60 岁及以上的个体进行研究。采用 SF-36 问卷评估健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）。活力、心理健康和一般健康的测量得分最低，而社会功能和因情绪及身体因素导致的角色限制的因素得分最高。女性、高龄者、信仰福音派宗教以及收入和教育程度较低的个体的 HRQOL 较差。SF-36 评分在功能能力和身体因素方面的类别差异最大。结果表明，老年人的医疗保健计划应考虑健康和社会不平等的多维性，以便干预措施能够针对 HRQOL 受影响最严重的方面以及人口中最脆弱的亚组。
