Green Hayley, Curnoe Darren
Department of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia.
Homo. 2009;60(6):517-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2009.09.001. Epub 2009 Oct 22.
Despite a number of studies stating that sexual dimorphism is population specific, sexual differences in Southeast Asian populations have received little attention. Previous studies in this region have focused on samples from Thailand or East Asian populations from China and Japan, examining sexual dimorphism predominantly of the postcranial bones, teeth and mandible with comparatively few cranial studies. These earlier studies have used traditional methods to metrically assess differences between the sexes. The aim of this study is to use geometric morphometric methods for the first time to quantify sexual dimorphism of Southeast Asian crania and extend knowledge of cranial sexual dimorphism beyond China, Japan and Thailand. A total of 35 unilateral and midline landmark coordinates were collected from 144 mainland and island Southeast Asian crania (89 male, 55 female). Using the shape analysis software Morphologika, principal components analysis and thin plate splines allowed for the statistical and visual exploration of shape differences. Differences included relative facial breadth, particularly across the zygomatic and postorbital regions and cranial vault breadth. Significant size dimorphism was also apparent. Overall expected accuracies were highest in the discriminant analysis using both shape and centroid size (86.8%).
尽管有多项研究表明性二态性具有种群特异性，但东南亚人群的性别差异却很少受到关注。该地区此前的研究主要集中在来自泰国的样本或中国和日本的东亚人群，主要研究颅后骨骼、牙齿和下颌骨的性二态性，而对颅骨的研究相对较少。这些早期研究使用传统方法从度量上评估性别差异。本研究的目的是首次使用几何形态测量方法来量化东南亚颅骨的性二态性，并将颅骨性二态性的知识扩展到中国、日本和泰国之外。从144个东南亚大陆和岛屿的颅骨（89例男性，55例女性）中总共收集了35个单侧和中线地标坐标。使用形状分析软件Morphologika，主成分分析和薄板样条实现了对形状差异的统计和可视化探索。差异包括相对面部宽度，特别是颧骨和眶后区域以及颅顶宽度。明显的大小二态性也很明显。在使用形状和质心大小的判别分析中，总体预期准确率最高（86.8%）。
