Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Soc Sci Med. 2010 Jan;70(2):261-8. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.005. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
There is an increasing awareness of the social and economic burden of untreated mental illness. However, the question remains whether the individuals who are not identified as having a mental disorder are mentally healthy and socially functioning. This study aims to examine the sequence of Keyes's (Keyes, C. L. M. (2002). The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43, 207-222.) mental health categories based on psychological status and well-being, and to identify qualitative differences in these categories by developmental-contextual factors and concurrent physical health status and social functioning. This study uses data from the UK 1958 National Child Development Study. Information was collected on the cohort members from childhood to age 33 years. Psychological distress (measured using the Malaise Inventory) and well-being (self-efficacy and appraisals of life circumstances) were assessed at age 33 years. Multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression models were used to examine the effects of individual characteristics and social contextual factors from childhood through adolescence on cross categorisations of psychological distress and well-being. Our findings suggest that there are similar early life predictors for both poor psychosocial functioning and mental ill-health. Our results also demonstrated a clear gradient of physical health and social functioning across mental health categories, even in the absence of mental disorder. Individual and social contextual factors in early life appear to offer clues as to why the absence of psychological distress does not always imply good mental health or social functioning.
人们越来越意识到未治疗的精神疾病给社会和经济带来的负担。然而，问题仍然是，那些未被确定患有精神障碍的人是否心理健康和社会功能正常。本研究旨在根据心理状况和幸福感来检验 Keyes（Keyes，C. L. M.（2002）。心理健康连续体：从萎靡不振到生活中的繁荣。健康与社会行为杂志，43，207-222）的心理健康类别序列，并确定这些类别在发展背景因素以及同时的身体健康状况和社会功能方面的定性差异。本研究使用了来自英国 1958 年全国儿童发展研究的数据。从童年到 33 岁收集了队列成员的信息。在 33 岁时评估了心理困扰（使用不适量表测量）和幸福感（自我效能和对生活环境的评价）。使用多项（多项）逻辑回归模型来研究从童年到青春期的个体特征和社会背景因素对心理困扰和幸福感的交叉分类的影响。我们的研究结果表明，心理社会功能不良和精神健康不良都有类似的早期生活预测因素。我们的研究结果还表明，即使没有精神障碍，身体健康和社会功能也在心理健康类别中呈现出明显的梯度。早期生活中的个体和社会背景因素似乎为为什么没有心理困扰并不总是意味着良好的心理健康或社会功能提供了线索。
