Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK.
Nat Mater. 2009 Dec;8(12):973-8. doi: 10.1038/nmat2545. Epub 2009 Oct 25.
Porous materials are important in a wide range of applications including molecular separations and catalysis. We demonstrate that covalently bonded organic cages can assemble into crystalline microporous materials. The porosity is prefabricated and intrinsic to the molecular cage structure, as opposed to being formed by non-covalent self-assembly of non-porous sub-units. The three-dimensional connectivity between the cage windows is controlled by varying the chemical functionality such that either non-porous or permanently porous assemblies can be produced. Surface areas and gas uptakes for the latter exceed comparable molecular solids. One of the cages can be converted by recrystallization to produce either porous or non-porous polymorphs with apparent Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas of 550 and 23 m2 g(-1), respectively. These results suggest design principles for responsive porous organic solids and for the modular construction of extended materials from prefabricated molecular pores.
多孔材料在许多应用中都很重要，包括分子分离和催化。我们证明，共价键合的有机笼可以组装成结晶微孔材料。这种多孔性是预制的，是分子笼结构固有的，而不是由非多孔亚单位的非共价自组装形成的。通过改变化学官能团，可以控制笼窗之间的三维连接性，从而可以生产出非多孔或永久多孔的组装体。后者的比表面积和气体吸收量超过了可比的分子固体。其中一种笼可以通过重结晶转化为多孔或非多孔的多晶型物，其表观 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 比表面积分别为 550 和 23 m2 g-1。这些结果为响应性多孔有机固体的设计原则以及从预制分子孔构建扩展材料的模块化结构提供了思路。
