School of Psychological and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2009 Nov;35(6):1426-42. doi: 10.1037/a0017395.
Over the last century many individuals with exceptional memory have been studied and tested in the laboratory. This article studies Chao Lu, who set a Guinness World Record by memorizing 67,890 decimals of pi. Chao Lu's superior self-paced memorization of digits is shown through analyses of study times and verbal reports to be mediated by mnemonic encoding and retrieval processes. Furthermore, Chao Lu's development of his superior memory for decimals of pi is consistent with his engagement in thousands of hours of memorization. In contrast to most other studied memorists, who have digit spans over 15 digits, Chao Lu exhibited a digit span in only the normal range. Implications for different types of memorization skills and associated practice activities are discussed.
在上个世纪，许多具有非凡记忆力的个体在实验室中进行了研究和测试。本文研究了 Chao Lu，他通过记忆 67890 位圆周率小数创造了吉尼斯世界纪录。通过对学习时间和口头报告的分析，Chao Lu 以自我调整的方式出色地记忆数字，这表明他的记忆是通过记忆编码和检索过程来实现的。此外，Chao Lu 对圆周率小数的记忆能力的提高与他数千小时的记忆训练是一致的。与大多数其他研究过的记忆专家不同，他们的数字跨度超过 15 位，Chao Lu 的数字跨度仅处于正常范围。本文讨论了不同类型的记忆技能和相关练习活动的意义。
