Parasitology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba 0200, Egypt.
Exp Parasitol. 2010 Mar;124(3):279-84. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.10.013. Epub 2009 Oct 25.
To evaluate the in vitro effects of different concentrations of ivermectin and/or artemether on Fasciolagigantica worms and to study the parasitological changes and tegumental alterations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Fasciola gigantica worms were incubated in vitro for 24 and 48 h with three concentrations of either ivermectin or artemether (10, 20 and 50 microg/ml) or both in half concentration of either (5, 10 and 25 microg/ml).
Exposure of Fasciola worms to 25+25 microg/ml of combined drug regimens or to 50 microg/ml of either ivermectin or artemether for 48 h led to 100%, 41.7% and 75% worm killing which were accompanied by a significant reduction in egg laying capacity and significant increase in dead eggs maximally recorded in combined drug regimens. SEM of the flukes incubated for 48 h with combined drug regimens showed maximal tegumental disruption with swelling of the worm body, roughness, blebbing, sloughing and complete loss of spines. Disruption to the tegument of the flukes induced by artemether was more than that of ivermectin.
Artemether alone or combined with ivermectin in half doses had potent fasciocidal activities. Besides, half doses of combined drug regimens had higher ovicidal effects than each drug alone. In vivo studies are recommended to explore the efficacy of combined regimens against Fasciola infection.
评估不同浓度伊维菌素和/或青蒿琥酯对巨型片形吸虫的体外作用，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究寄生变化和表皮改变。
将巨型片形吸虫在体外孵育 24 和 48 小时，用三种浓度的伊维菌素或青蒿琥酯（10、20 和 50μg/ml）或两者的半浓度（5、10 和 25μg/ml）处理。
暴露于 25+25μg/ml 联合药物方案或 50μg/ml 伊维菌素或青蒿琥酯 48 小时的片形吸虫导致 100%、41.7%和 75%的虫体杀伤，同时产卵能力显著降低，最大记录在联合药物方案中的死卵显著增加。用联合药物方案孵育 48 小时的吸虫的 SEM 显示出最大的表皮破坏，虫体肿胀、粗糙、起泡、脱落和完全丧失刺。青蒿琥酯引起的吸虫表皮破坏比伊维菌素更严重。
青蒿琥酯单独或与伊维菌素以半剂量联合具有强大的杀片形吸虫活性。此外，半剂量联合药物方案比每种药物单独使用具有更高的杀卵效果。建议进行体内研究以探索联合方案对片形吸虫感染的疗效。
