Sánchez-Lerma B, Morales-Chirivella F J, Peñuelas I, Blanco Guerra C, Mesa Lugo F, Aguinaga-Ontoso I, Guillén-Grima F
Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Hospital Universitario Materno-Infantil de Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2009;19(5):383-90.
To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic diseases in schoolchildren from the Canary Islands, Spain.
Cross-sectional study following the methodology of ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood), which uses standardized and validated questionnaires. The study participants were children aged between 6 and 7 years attending schools in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
Of the 3108 questionnaires distributed, 1883 were answered, and 1871 were evaluable (60.6%). Gender distribution was similar (51.8% boys vs 48.2% girls). Current prevalence of asthma was 18.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.7-20.2), rhinitis 40.3% (95% CI, 38-42.3), and atopic dermatitis 35.8% (95% CI, 33.6-37.9). The highest prevalence of rhinitis was recorded during the autumn months (P<.005). Asthma was more frequent in boys than in girls (P<.05), but there were no statistical differences for the other allergic diseases.
The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in children aged 6-7 years in the Canary Islands is higher than in other areas of Spain where the ISAAC study has been performed. Male gender is an important risk factor in children, especially for asthma symptoms.
调查西班牙加那利群岛学童中支气管哮喘和过敏性疾病的患病率。
采用国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）的方法进行横断面研究，该研究使用标准化且经过验证的问卷。研究参与者为西班牙加那利群岛大加那利岛拉斯帕尔马斯市6至7岁的在校儿童。
在分发的3108份问卷中，1883份得到回复，1871份可用于评估（60.6%）。性别分布相似（男孩占51.8%，女孩占48.2%）。哮喘的当前患病率为18.4%（95%置信区间[CI]，16.7 - 20.2），鼻炎为40.3%（95% CI，38 - 42.3），特应性皮炎为35.8%（95% CI，33.6 - 37.9）。鼻炎患病率在秋季最高（P <.005）。哮喘在男孩中比在女孩中更常见（P <.05），但其他过敏性疾病无统计学差异。
加那利群岛6至7岁儿童中哮喘和过敏性疾病的患病率高于西班牙其他开展过ISAAC研究的地区。男性是儿童中的一个重要危险因素，尤其是对于哮喘症状。
