Kissoon N, Nykanen D, Tiffin N, Frewen T, Brasher P
Department of Peadiatrics, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Crit Care Med. 1991 Jan;19(1):102-7. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199101000-00022.
To evaluate the performance characteristics of disposable bag-valve resuscitators.
Single and multitrial tests under simulated clinical conditions. Results of multitrial tests were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance.
A pulmonary laboratory in a university hospital.
We evaluated eight DRs to determine: a) physical characteristics, including the potential for misassembly; b) FIO2 of 1.0 and flow rates of 10 L; c) tidal volume (VT) (male and female operators) using one and two hands; and d) cycling rates at 5 degrees, 20 degrees, and 48 degrees C.
All resuscitators met the minimum requirements of the Canadian Standards Association and the American Society for Testing and Materials. However, the CPR and LSP could be assembled incorrectly for use. Three units (B Sav, Pulm, and MPR) delivered significantly less than 80% oxygen (overall p less than .05). Significant increases were seen in VT using two hands vs. one hand (1176 vs. 960 mL, p less than .001) and males vs. females using two hands (1284 vs. 1102 mL, p less than .02). One unit (B Sav) could only be used with two hands. The maximum cycling rates for all units increased significantly (p less than .05) with an increase in temperature from -5 degrees to 20 degrees to 40 degrees C. However, two units (Bag E and MPR) failed to deliver 20 breaths/min at -5 degrees C, while the B Sav and Pulm valves became dysfunctional at 48 degrees C.
While these DRs meet the minimum standards, they should be chosen carefully and evaluated before application in the clinical environment.
评估一次性袋阀复苏器的性能特点。
在模拟临床条件下进行单试验和多试验测试。多试验测试结果采用多变量方差分析。
大学医院的肺实验室。
我们评估了8种袋阀复苏器，以确定：a）物理特性，包括误组装可能性；b）吸入氧浓度为1.0且流速为10L时的情况；c）潮气量（VT）（男性和女性操作者，单手和双手操作）；d）在5摄氏度、20摄氏度和48摄氏度时的呼吸频率。
所有复苏器均符合加拿大标准协会和美国材料与试验协会的最低要求。然而，心肺复苏（CPR）和长期复苏（LSP）可能会被错误组装使用。三个装置（B Sav、Pulm和MPR）输送的氧气显著低于80%（总体p<0.05）。与单手操作相比，双手操作时潮气量显著增加（1176 vs. 960 mL，p<0.001），且双手操作时男性潮气量高于女性（1284 vs. 1102 mL，p<0.02）。一个装置（B Sav）只能双手使用。所有装置的最大呼吸频率随着温度从-5摄氏度升至20摄氏度再升至40摄氏度而显著增加（p<0.05）。然而，两个装置（Bag E和MPR）在-5摄氏度时无法达到20次/分钟的呼吸频率，而B Sav和Pulm阀在48摄氏度时功能失调。
虽然这些袋阀复苏器符合最低标准，但在临床环境中应用前应谨慎选择并进行评估。
