Department of Dermatology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Clin Exp Dermatol. 2010 Jun;35(4):409-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03523.x. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
Alopecia areata (AA) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by folliculotropic T-cell infiltrates around anagen-stage hair follicles. The role of T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of AA have not been established.
To determine whether serum cytokine profiles define the severity of the AA phenotype or are affected by co-existent atopy.
In total, 17 serum cytokines were measured and compared in 269 patients with AA of varying severity with and without atopy and 18 unrelated controls.
Of the 269 patients with AA, 96% had active disease and 54% were atopic. The disease phenotype was transient patchy AA in 27 patients, persistent patchy AA in 89 and alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis in 153. Levels of Th1, interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (ra) and IL-8 levels were higher in all patients with AA than in controls. IL-1alpha, IL-12 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels were higher in patients with AA and atopy than in patients with AA without atopy.
Increased Th1 serum cytokines (IL-2, IL-12 and interferon-gamma) and IL-1ra levels are associated with AA regardless of disease severity or the presence of atopy.
斑秃（AA）是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病，其特征是处于生长期的毛囊周围有滤泡辅助性 T 细胞浸润。Th1 和 Th2 细胞因子在 AA 发病机制中的作用尚未确定。
确定血清细胞因子谱是否能确定 AA 表型的严重程度，或者是否受并存特应性的影响。
共测量了 269 例不同严重程度的 AA 患者（伴或不伴特应性）和 18 例无关对照者的 17 种血清细胞因子，并进行了比较。
269 例 AA 患者中，96%为活动期疾病，54%为特应性。疾病表型为 27 例短暂斑片状 AA，89 例持续性斑片状 AA，153 例全秃或普秃。所有 AA 患者的 Th1、白细胞介素（IL）-1 受体拮抗剂（ra）和 IL-8 水平均高于对照组。AA 伴特应性患者的 IL-1alpha、IL-12 和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平高于 AA 无特应性患者。
无论疾病严重程度或是否存在特应性，Th1 血清细胞因子（IL-2、IL-12 和干扰素-γ）和 IL-1ra 水平的增加都与 AA 相关。
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