Cass D T, Ross F I, Grattan-Smith T M
Department of Paediatrics, Westmead Hospital, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1991 Feb 4;154(3):163-5. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121021.x.
Paediatric drownings in New South Wales during the years 1987-1990 are reviewed to document the current pattern. Over these three years we have registered 250 paediatric deaths by physical injury. Sixty-one (24%) of these deaths were by drowning. Twenty-nine of the 61 drownings (47%) occurred in domestic pools; 25 of these were in unfenced or inadequately fenced pools. Of the remaining four cases, one was associated with a chair being used to gain access and the other three remain unexplained. Thirty-three of the 61 drownings occurred in country areas; of these 10 were in pools, eight in rivers or creeks, six in boating accidents, four in the surf and three in dams. A changing trend identified by this study is the increasing percentage of drownings (44%) occurring in nominally "fenced" pools in which the fencing was not functioning because the gate was open or the fencing was in disrepair. Legislation must be supported by public education and council inspection if the full benefit of isolation fencing is to be realised. With respect to all drownings there is a continuing need for education about the dangers that bodies of water, even in the bath or a bucket, pose to young children, and the need for parents to strive for optimal supervision.
对1987 - 1990年间新南威尔士州的儿童溺水事件进行回顾，以记录当前模式。在这三年里，我们登记了250例因身体伤害导致的儿童死亡病例。其中61例（24%）死于溺水。61例溺水中有29例（47%）发生在家庭游泳池；其中25例发生在没有围栏或围栏不足的游泳池。在其余4例中，1例与使用椅子进入游泳池有关，另外3例原因不明。61例溺水中有33例发生在农村地区；其中10例发生在游泳池，8例发生在河流或小溪，6例发生在划船事故中，4例发生在海浪中，3例发生在水坝中。本研究发现的一个变化趋势是，在名义上“有围栏”的游泳池中溺水的比例不断增加（44%），这些围栏由于门开着或围栏失修而不起作用。如果要充分实现隔离围栏的好处，立法必须得到公众教育和市政检查的支持。对于所有溺水事件，持续需要开展教育，让人们了解即使是浴缸或水桶里的水对幼儿也存在危险，以及家长需要努力进行最佳监管。
