Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
World J Pediatr. 2009 Nov;5(4):269-74. doi: 10.1007/s12519-009-0051-0. Epub 2009 Nov 13.
Obesity has made obesity-related diseases a worldwide problem. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of diet-oriented intervention on obese children with hypertension in China and to determine the relationship between anthropometric indexes and hypertension.
A total of 469 obese children, aged 6 to 18 years, were evaluated between January 2001 and December 2005; 184 of them were diagnosed with hypertension. Hypertensive children were provided with individual diet-oriented intervention for more than 6 months. Physical exercises were recommended for obese children at least 30 minutes per day. Height, body weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were taken for each subject before and after intervention.
Of the 184 children enrolled, 139 (75.5%; 86 boys) completed the study. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and hip circumference all decreased after a 6-month intervention, despite a 2.1 cm increase in height. Systolic and diastolic pressures decreased by 16.6 and 13.3 mmHg compared with baseline levels. Of the 139 children, 103 (74.1%) who had blood pressure in the normal range (<90th percentile for age and sex) were taken as a response group. The other 36 children who remained hypertensive showed no obvious differences in anthropometric measurements and were taken as a non-response group. Weight, BMI, BMI%, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure in the 139 children showed significant differences after the intervention compared with baseline values. Weight, BMI, BMI%, waist circumference, and hip circumference were positively correlated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressures; they were correlated more strongly with systolic pressure than with diastolic pressure.
Diet-oriented intervention can decrease blood pressure in most obese children with hypertension. Weight, height, BMI, BMI%, waist circumference, and hip circumference are closely associated with blood pressure.
肥胖已使肥胖相关疾病成为全球性问题。本研究旨在评估中国针对肥胖合并高血压儿童的以饮食为导向的干预措施的效果，并确定人体测量学指标与高血压之间的关系。
2001 年 1 月至 2005 年 12 月，对 469 名年龄在 6 至 18 岁之间的肥胖儿童进行了评估，其中 184 名被诊断为高血压。对高血压儿童进行了超过 6 个月的个体化饮食导向干预。建议肥胖儿童每天至少进行 30 分钟的体育锻炼。对每位受试者进行干预前后的身高、体重、腰围、收缩压和舒张压测量。
184 名入组儿童中，139 名（75.5%；86 名男孩）完成了研究。尽管身高增加了 2.1cm，但体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰围和臀围在 6 个月干预后均降低。收缩压和舒张压分别比基线水平下降了 16.6mmHg 和 13.3mmHg。139 名儿童中，103 名（74.1%）血压处于正常范围（<年龄和性别第 90 百分位数），作为反应组。其余 36 名仍患有高血压的儿童在人体测量指标方面没有明显差异，作为无反应组。与基线值相比，139 名儿童的体重、BMI、BMI%、腰围、臀围和血压在干预后均有显著差异。体重、BMI、BMI%、腰围和臀围与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关，与收缩压的相关性更强。
以饮食为导向的干预可以降低大多数肥胖合并高血压儿童的血压。体重、身高、BMI、BMI%、腰围和臀围与血压密切相关。
