Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
Food Microbiol. 2010 Feb;27(1):29-32. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2009.07.005. Epub 2009 Jul 17.
Norovirus is a common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks associated with consumption of raw shellfish. The majority of norovirus infections worldwide are due to genogroup II noroviruses. Bivalve molluscs (mussels, clams and oysters) at the end of the commercial chain, the points of purchase, were sampled between 2005 and 2008 in several retail points in Apulia, Italy, and screened by a semi-nested RT-PCR specific for genogroup II noroviruses. Noroviral RNA was detected in 12.1% of the samples, with lower frequency being observed in samples obtained from hypermarkets (8.1%) rather than in samples from open-air markets and fish shops (17.6% and 16.2%, respectively). By sequence analysis, the strains were characterized as norovirus variants GII.4/2004 and GII.b/Hilversum, which were both circulating in Italy in the same time-span.
诺如病毒是与食用生贝类有关的食源性胃肠炎暴发的常见原因。在世界范围内，大多数诺如病毒感染是由Ⅱ型诺如病毒引起的。2005 年至 2008 年，在意大利普利亚地区的几个零售点，对商业链末端、购买点的双壳贝类（贻贝、蛤和牡蛎）进行了采样，并通过针对Ⅱ型诺如病毒的半巢式 RT-PCR 进行了筛查。在 12.1%的样本中检测到诺如病毒 RNA，其中在超级市场获得的样本中观察到的频率较低（8.1%），而在露天市场和鱼店获得的样本中观察到的频率较高（17.6%和 16.2%）。通过序列分析，这些毒株被确定为同时在意大利流行的诺如病毒 GII.4/2004 变异株和 GII.b/Hilversum 变异株。
