Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2013 Jun;10(6):533-9. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2012.1399. Epub 2013 May 2.
Norovirus (NoV) are increasingly important as etiological agents of gastrointestinal infections. Consumption of bivalve molluscs and ready-to-eat fishery products is one of the most common ways of acquiring NoV foodborne infections, and the rise of outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis represents an important health problem that is also responsible for economic losses. The aim of this work was to define the prevalence of NoV contamination in preserved fishery products and in shellfish commercialized in Italy, taking into account the results obtained during 9 years of survey (2003-2011) and paying special attention to the regions more involved in national production. A total of 4463 samples were examined (2310 mussels, 1517 clams, 510 oysters, 22 other shellfish species, 104 preserved seafood products) and the average positivity rate for NoV presence was 4.1% and ranged from 0.6% in 2007 to 9.8% in 2003 and from 1.9% in preserved seafood products to 4.7% in mussels. Genetic characterization of circulating strains showed a prevalence of genogroup II genotypes, including GII.b and GII.e polymerase types and different GII.4 variants. This information could contribute to the optimization of risk-based sampling strategies for NoV contamination in seafood, taking into account variability in different species and from year to year.
诺如病毒（NoV）作为胃肠道感染的病原体，其重要性日益增加。食用双壳贝类软体动物和即食性渔业产品是感染诺如病毒食源性疾病的最常见途径之一，病毒性肠胃炎的爆发上升是一个重要的健康问题，也是造成经济损失的原因之一。本研究旨在确定意大利保存的渔业产品和贝类中的诺如病毒污染流行率，考虑到 9 年调查（2003-2011 年）期间获得的结果，并特别关注参与国家生产的地区。共检查了 4463 个样本（贻贝 2310 个，蛤 1517 个，牡蛎 510 个，其他贝类 22 个，104 个保存的海鲜产品），诺如病毒存在的平均阳性率为 4.1%，范围从 2007 年的 0.6%到 2003 年的 9.8%，从保存的海鲜产品的 1.9%到贻贝的 4.7%。循环毒株的遗传特征显示出包括聚合酶 II.b 和 II.e 型以及不同 GII.4 变体的 II 型基因型的流行。这些信息可以有助于优化基于风险的海产品中诺如病毒污染抽样策略，考虑到不同物种和年度的变异性。
