Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthetics, Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Mar;468(3):782-8. doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-1156-4.
In the natural and prosthetic knees the position, shape, and orientation of the trochlea groove are three of the key determinants of function and dysfunction, yet the rules governing these three features remain elusive.
QUESTIONS/PURPOSE: The aim was to define the three-dimensional geometry of the femoral trochlea and its relation to the tibiofemoral joint in terms of angles and distances.
Forty CT scans of femurs of healthy patients were analyzed using custom-designed imaging software. After aligning the femur using various axes, the locations and orientations of the groove and the trochlear axis were examined in relation to the conventional axes of the femur.
The trochlear groove was circular and positioned laterally in relation to the mechanical, anatomic, and transcondylar axes of the femur; it was not aligned with any of these axes. We have defined the trochlear axis as a line joining the centers of two spheres fitted to the trochlear surfaces lateral and medial to the trochlear groove. When viewed after aligning the femur to this new axis, the trochlear groove appeared more linear than when other methods of orientation were used.
Our study shows the importance of reliable femoral orientation when reporting the shape of the trochlear groove.
在自然和人工膝关节中，滑车沟的位置、形状和方向是功能和功能障碍的三个关键决定因素，但这些特征的规律仍难以捉摸。
问题/目的：目的是定义股骨滑车的三维几何形状及其与胫股关节在角度和距离方面的关系。
使用定制设计的成像软件对 40 例健康患者的股骨 CT 扫描进行分析。在使用各种轴对齐股骨后，检查了凹槽和滑车轴相对于股骨的常规轴的位置和方向。
滑车沟呈圆形，相对于股骨的机械轴、解剖轴和髁间轴位于外侧；它与这些轴都没有对齐。我们将滑车轴定义为连接两个球体中心的线，这两个球体拟合在滑车沟外侧和内侧的滑车表面上。当按照这条新轴对齐股骨进行观察时，滑车沟看起来比使用其他定向方法更线性。
我们的研究表明，在报告滑车沟的形状时，可靠的股骨定向非常重要。
