Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas, Sección Antropología, Biológica, Buenos Aires 1406, Argentina.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2010 Mar;141(3):452-62. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21165.
Ancient DNA recovered from 21 individuals excavated from burial sites in the Pampa Grande (PG) region (Salta province) of North-Western Argentina (NWA) was analyzed using various genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA, autosomal STRs, and Y chromosomal STRs). The results were compared to ancient and modern DNA from various populations in the Andean and North Argentinean regions, with the aim of establishing their relationships with PG. The mitochondrial haplogroup frequencies described (11% A, 47% B, and 42% D) presented values comparable to those found for the ancient Andean populations from Peru and San Pedro de Atacama. On the other hand, mitochondrial and Y chromosomal haplotypes were specific to PG, as they did not match any other of the South American populations studied. The described genetic diversity indicates homogeneity in the genetic structure of the ancient Andean populations, which was probably facilitated by the intense exchange network in the Andean zone, in particular among Tiwanaku, San Pedro de Atacama, and NWA. The discovery of haplotypes unique to PG could be due to a loss of genetic diversity caused by recent events affecting the autochthonous populations (establishment of the Inca Empire in the region, colonization by the Europeans).
从阿根廷西北部（NWA）普纳格兰德（PG）地区（萨尔塔省）的墓葬中挖掘出的 21 个人的古 DNA 使用各种遗传标记（线粒体 DNA、常染色体 STRs 和 Y 染色体 STRs）进行了分析。将这些结果与安第斯山脉和阿根廷北部地区的各种古代和现代 DNA 进行了比较，目的是确定它们与 PG 的关系。描述的线粒体单倍群频率（11%A、47%B 和 42%D）与秘鲁和圣佩德罗德阿塔卡马的古代安第斯人群的发现值相当。另一方面，线粒体和 Y 染色体单倍型是 PG 特有的，因为它们与研究的其他南美人群没有匹配。描述的遗传多样性表明古代安第斯人群的遗传结构具有同质性，这可能是由于安第斯地区特别是蒂瓦纳库、圣佩德罗德阿塔卡马和 NWA 之间密集的交换网络促成的。PG 特有的单倍型的发现可能是由于最近影响原住民人口的事件（该地区印加帝国的建立、欧洲人的殖民）导致遗传多样性的丧失。
