Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A.
J Glaucoma. 1995 Aug;4(4):248-57.
To investigate ethnic differences in optic nerve head topography.
This is a cross-sectional university-based comparative study of 180 normal subjects (43 African-American, 45 Asian, 48 Hispanic, and 44 white subjects) ages 19-40 years. Optic nerve head parameters including optic disc size, cup-disc ratio, rim area, rim volume, cup volume, and maximal cup depth were measured using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph). Differences among groups were evaluated using analysis of variance.
Disc area, cup volume, maximal cup depth, and vertical cup-disc ratio were largest in African-Americans, intermediate in Asians and Hispanics, and smallest in whites; for these parameters the differences between African-Americans and whites were statistically significant. Significant differences were also found between African-Americans and Hispanics for cup volume, and between African-Americans and Asians for vertical cup-disc ratio and maximal cup depth. Rim volume and rim area were not significantly different among the four ethnic groups.
Ethnic differences in the normal optic nerve are present and should be taken into a ccount when evaluating the optic disc for glaucoma and other optic neuropathies.
研究视盘形态的种族差异。
这是一项基于大学的横断面对照研究，共纳入 180 名正常受试者（43 名非裔美国人、45 名亚洲人、48 名西班牙裔和 44 名白人，年龄 19-40 岁）。使用共焦激光扫描检眼镜（海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪）测量视盘大小、杯盘比、盘沿面积、盘沿体积、杯容积和最大杯深等视盘参数。采用方差分析评估组间差异。
非裔美国人的视盘面积、杯容积、最大杯深和垂直杯盘比最大，亚洲人和西班牙裔居中，白种人最小；这些参数中非裔美国人和白种人之间的差异具有统计学意义。非裔美国人和西班牙裔之间的杯容积也存在显著差异，非裔美国人和亚洲人之间的垂直杯盘比和最大杯深也存在显著差异。四个种族之间的盘沿体积和盘沿面积没有显著差异。
正常视神经存在种族差异，在评估青光眼和其他视神经病变的视盘时应考虑这些差异。
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