School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Applied Physiology Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Exp Physiol. 2010 Mar;95(3):441-50. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2009.047555. Epub 2009 Nov 18.
Shooting ability is compromised by involuntary movement. Some of this movement is physiological tremor. Tremor size has a demonstrable inverse correlation with shooting performance. Consequently, factors which affect tremor size should affect shooting ability. Adrenaline and local muscle warming markedly increase tremor size, whereas local muscle cooling reduces it. The physiological mechanisms behind these changes are not well understood, but they have the potential to affect shooting performance in subjects who exercise heavily and/or are exposed to extreme environments. The Olympic biathlon is an event in which vigorous physical exercise alternates with rifle shooting and it often takes place in a cold environment. The possible impact of exercise, temperature and other factors on the Olympic biathlete is considered here.
射击能力会受到无意识运动的影响。其中一些运动是生理性震颤。震颤幅度与射击表现呈明显的反比关系。因此，影响震颤幅度的因素也应该会影响射击能力。肾上腺素和局部肌肉加热会显著增加震颤幅度，而局部肌肉冷却则会减少震颤幅度。这些变化背后的生理机制尚不清楚，但它们有可能会影响在剧烈运动和/或暴露在极端环境中的受试者的射击表现。现代冬季两项是一项结合了剧烈运动和步枪射击的运动，它通常在寒冷的环境中进行。本文考虑了运动、温度和其他因素对现代冬季两项运动员的可能影响。
